Organelles
Controls what can enter and exit the cell. Referred to as a "fluid mosaic" or "lipid bilayer."
What is the cell membrane/plasma membrane?
Enzymes are biological _________, meaning they speed up the rate of reaction without being used up.
What are catalysts?
The control center of the cell, where DNA is stored.
What is the nucleus?
The product of photosynthesis.
What is glucose?
An essential ratio when talking about movement of materials and cell life.
What is the Surface Area : Volume ratio?
Make proteins, what makes the rough ER rough.
The substance(s) to which the enzyme binds.
What is a substrate?
This form of cell division only happens in the gametes.
What is meosis?
What is glycolysis and the cytoplasm?
Cellular transport can take two forms: Active transport, which requires energy, or ___________ which does not require energy.
What is Passive Transport?
You would find a lot of these in a cell that needs a lot of energy.
What are mitochondria?
Where the substrate binds to the enzyme.
What is the active site?
Before division can occur, the cell's DNA must undergo _____________, an enzyme-mediated process resulting in 2 identical sets of DNA.
What is replication?
If a plant is exposed to __________, the light will be reflected and photosynthesis will decrease.
What is green light?
A difference between concentrations of a substance, usually separated by a semi-permeable membrane.
The inner membrane of the mitochondria is highly folded into cristae in order to increase its _________.
A __________ takes two substrates and combines them into one product.
What is an anabolic reaction?
The stage of mitosis where the sister chromatids are pulled by spindle fibres to opposite poles of the cell.
What is anaphase?
The second stage of cellular respiration, ____________, happens in the ____________.
What is the Kreb's Cycle and the mitochondrial matrix?
A form of diffusion that only happens with water.
What is osmosis?
What is the (central) vacuole?
This is what happens when an enzyme is exposed to a temperature above its optimal range or a pH below its optimal range.
What is denaturation?
When DNA is copied, the copies are called __________, because they are half new DNA and half parental DNA.
What is semi-conservative?
In the final stage of respiration, _______ are moved into the intermembrane space to create a concentration gradient. Those (see blank 1) are then used to power _____________, which turns ADP into ATP.
What are hydrogen ions (or protons) and ATP synthase?
A solution is said to be ___________ if it has a higher concentration of solute than the environment surrounding it.
What it hypertonic?