Cell division and Genetic Material
Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is true?
a) H.C are different lengths.
b) H.C have different centromere positions.
c) H.C pair up during meiosis I
d) H.C have the same alleles at the same location on the chromosome
e) H.C do not have common genes for traits
d) Homologous chromosomes have the same alleles at the same location on the chromosome
How many chromosomes does a cell have during metaphase I of meiosis if it has 12 chromosomes during interphase?
12
Which is a current use for gene cloning?
a) mass produce drugs
b) grow tissues for replacement
c) repopulate extinct species
d) cure diseases that result from errors in chromosome structure
e) improve human reproduction
a) mass produce drugs - insulin
a) spindle formation
b) DNA replication
c) carbohydrate synthesis
d)disappearance of the nuclear membrane
e) cytokinesis
a) spindle formation
Which of the following statements about trisomy is false?
a) Many trisomies are found in miscarried fetuses.
b) The incidence of trisomy increases with maternal age.
c) Trisomy can be identified using karyotyping.
d) Trisomy is one result of non-disjunction during mitosis.
e) Trisomy 21 is also known as Down syndrome
d) Trisomy is one result of non-disjunction during mitosis.
What is therapeutic cloning?
The process of replacing an egg cell's nucleus with the nucleus from a somatic donor cell to produce a cell line of genetically identical cells.
How does DNA's complementary nature enable accurate replication?
When DNA is replicated during interphase, the double helix unwinds and each strand of DNA serves as a template for a new strand.
Each of the new double stranded DNA molecules contains one original and one new strand of DNA = semi-conservative method of replication (because each new DNA molecule conserves half of the original DNA)
Why is the process of meiosis often called a reduction division?
Going from diploid to haploid.
Which processes are used in the creation of transgeneic plants and animals?
genetic engineering and IVF
How does the appearance of DNA during Interphase differ from the appearance of DNA during metaphase?
During Interphase, DNA exists as uncondensed fibres called chromatin.
Each pair of sister chromatids is a single chromosome as long as the chromatids.
A horse has 64 chromosomes and a donkey has 62. Using your knowledge of meiosis, explain why a cross between these animals produces a sterile mule.
Chromosomes don't match up well.
Mules have 63 chromosomes; the uneven number of chromosomes results in an incomplete reproductive system.
What are the risks and benefits associated with the development of transgenic organisms?
e.g. medicinal benefits
environmental threats, health effects, etc.