Enzyme Excitement
I act like a zipper to unwind the DNA strands
What is helicase
I describe osmotic pressure when it is the same inside of and outside of cells
What is isotonic
I am the location where parent strands separate and DNA duplication begins
What is the origin of replication
I can function in cellular recognition
What are carbohydrates
I re-form the bonds between separate nucleotide segments, such as the Okazaki fragments.
What is ligase
I cannot cross a membrane barrier passively
What are ions
I am a short nucleotide segment on the lagging strand that occurs during DNA replication
What is the Okazaki fragment
I am embedded in the hydrophobic tails of the cell membrane, which allows the membrane to function under a wider range of temperatures.
What is cholesterol
I extend the telomere region on the end of DNA fragments using RNA
What is telomerase
I consist of hydrophobic and hydrophilic components
What is amphipathic
I prevent separated parent strands from re-annealing
What are single stranded binding proteins
I sit in the middle of the cell membrane as I am amphipathic. I can function as a carrier, channel, or ion pump.
What are integral proteins
I repair damaged DNA by cutting out damaged areas
What is nuclease
I am a passive process, but I need transport proteins for molecules to move past the cell membrane.
What is facilitated diffusion
I am the DNA strand that is synthesized 5’ to 3’ in fragments due to my location behind the origin of replication.
What is the lagging strand
When unwinding DNA strands ahead of the replication fork are tense, I straighten them out by cutting the strand, realigning it, and re-ligating the strands together.
What is topoisomerase
I am powered by ATP in active transport- I exchange three of a molecule that is toxic to cells for two of another molecule. Both molecules are equal in charge.
What is the sodium potassium pump
I form during DNA duplication after the helicases separate the parent strands. I have two branching “prongs"
What is the replication fork
After primase primes the daughter strand for replication, I extend this strand in a 5’ to 3’ direction.
What is DNA polymerase III