Cellular Respiration
What pathway processes acetyl CoA?
Krebs Cycle / Citric Acid Cycle
What process converts glucose to two molecules of pyruvate?
Glycolysis
The reaction responsible for the breakdown of fatty acid molecules into acetyl CoA is called __________.
beta-oxidation
The primary energy reserves are _____ and _______.
A. glycogen and fat
B. fat and protein
C. glycogen and protein
A. glycogen and fat
Lactate is produced as a result of the chemical reduction of ______?
pyruvate
Which of the following substances increases in amount during cellular respiration?
A. ATP
B. Glucose
C. Oxygen
D. ADP
A. ATP
For glycerol to be broken down into acetyl CoA, it must first be converted to ________.
a glycolysis intermediate (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate)
During the absorptive state
A. catabolism is the most dominant event.
B. blood glucose levels will be decreasing.
C. insulin is the major hormone present.
D. glucagon is the main hormone released.
C. insulin is the major hormone present.
What is the correct sequence for the oxidation of glucose to produce ATP?
A. Electron transport chain.
B. Citric acid cycle.
C. Glycolysis.
D. Formation of acetyl CoA.
C -> D -> B -> A
Most ATP generated by the complete oxidation of glucose results from the reactions of
A. glycogenolysis.
B. glycolysis.
C. the Krebs cycle.
D. the electron transport system.
E. gluconeogenesis.
D. the electron transport system.
Which of the following statements regarding keto acids is incorrect?
A. They include pyruvate
B. They include Krebs cycle acids
C. They include ketone bodies
D. They can be converted to amino acids
C. They include ketone bodies
What type of lipoprotein is responsible for carrying cholesterol from tissues to the liver?
High-density lipoprotein (HDL)
Blood glucose entering cells is phosphorylated to _______________ which can be metabolized for energy in glycolysis.
glucose-6-phosphate
What are the three end-products of the complete aerobic oxidation of glucose?
ATP, CO2, H2O
Conditions such as starvation, dieting, and diabetes mellitus could result in the production of increased: (select all that apply)
fatty acids
ketone bodies
glucose
pruvate
fatty acids and ketone bodies
Which of the following processes is expected immediately after a meal?
A. Suppression of insulin release.
B. Increased glucose uptake.
C. Increased glycogenolysis.
D. Suppressed lipogenesis.
B. Increased glucose uptake.
The two-way traffic between the skeletal muscles and the liver in the generation of new glucose from lactate is called the ______ cycle.
Cori
In oxidative phosphorylation, energy for the synthesis of ATP is provided by
A. the splitting of oxygen molecules.
B. the breaking of the covalent bonds in glucose.
C. the movement of hydrogen ions through ATP synthase.
D. The combination of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen to form water.
C. the movement of hydrogen ions through ATP synthase.
What energy sources can the brain use as fuel?
glucose and ketone bodies
An 8-year-old child is diagnosed with type I diabetes. Insulin deficiency means that cells are unable to take up glucose from the bloodstream. This will result in which of the following?
A. Decreased glycogenolysis.
B. Decreased lipolysis.
C. Increased protein synthesis.
D. Increased ketogenesis.
D. Increased ketogenesis.