DNA Binding Proteins
A specific binding site for many regulatory proteins that follows a nucleotide sequence
What are inverted repeats?
This binds to the repressor to induce the operon
What is Allolactose?
This is when an external signal is transmitted to a source elsewhere in the cell.
What is signal transduction?
Bacteria enter this phase to resist growth when nutrients is limited
What is the stationary phase, controlled by RpoS?
Many DNA binding proteins consist of two subunits, this means that they are
What are homodimers?
The repressor is bound to this when lactose is absent
This protein detects the external signal and autophosphorylation to start the signal transduction casacde
What is histidine kinase?
Bacteria undergo this response to protect their proteins from denaturation
What is heat shock response, controlled by RpoH?
This protein would recruit another protein that turns on a gene by binding upstream to a gene
What is an activator?
The state of the operon when glucose is present and lactose is absent
What is off/repressed?
The response regulator resides in this part of the cell to initiate transcription once it receives the external signal
What is the cytoplasm?
What is a chaperone?
Genes are often regulated (turned off or on) by this type of interaction. Many transcription factors are affected by this type of interaction. For example, this is why allolactose induces the lac operon.
What are allosteric interactions?
When lactose is high, these molecules are also high and function as coactivators once bound.
What is cAMP and CRP?
Bacteria often use this method to stop responding to outside senses are reset the two component sensory system.
What is feedback loop/ feedback inhibition
This refers to the term that describes controlled transcription inhibition
What is attenuation?
This a control bacteria use to conserve energy.
What is enzyme repression
The lac operon is this type of operon (think about metabolism)
What is catabolic?
This refers to a method bacteria use to assess their population density to decide if conditions are optimal to express certain features, such as biofilm formation
What is quorum sensing?
If plenty of trp is present in the cell, DNA will form this structure and transcription will be attenuated
What is a stem loop?