Molecular Components
Why do organisms undergo the process of cellular respiration?
To convert chemical energy from food into usable energy for the cell
What is one example of "work" ATP can do in a cell?
What is ATP?
adenosine triphosphate
What types of organisms go through cellular respiration?
all organisms
What are the four reactants of cellular respiration?
glucose, oxygen, ADP, P
The chemical bonds
List the body parts involved in transporting oxygen to cells
nose/mouth, trachea, lungs, bloodstream
____ is like an empty battery and _____ is like a fully charged battery.
ADP; ATP
What would happen to the amount of cellular respiration someone's body is capable of if the person hasn't eaten in several hours? Why?
It would decrease because they wouldn't have enough glucose.
Where does your body get each of the reactants of cellular respiration? (Ignore ADP for this question)
Glucose: Food
Oxygen: air
P: Food
stored; released
List all the body parts we've talked about that allow glucose to get to cells
mouth, stomach, intestines, bloodstream
Where is the chemical energy in ATP stored that is used to do work in the cell?
In the bond between the 2nd and 3rd phosphates.
Explain why this equation does not follow the law of conservation of matter:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ----> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
ATP "comes out of nowhere", which is impossible. The atoms that make up that molecule should be shown on the reactant side of the equation, too.
Does 1 molecule of glucose or 1 molecule of ATP contain more energy? Explain how you know.
1 molecule of glucose contains more energy because it is able to "recharge" 36 ADP into 36 ATP.
Where do most of the chemical reactions for cellular respiration take place?
in the mitochondria
About how many ATP molecules are produced if cellular respiration is successfully carried out?
36
Which type of body cells do you think contain the highest amount of mitochondria?
Cells that do a lot of "work", e.g. muscle cells
What is the equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 36 ADP + 36 P ----> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36 ATP
What happens to glucose when it is turned into pyruvic acid?
It is split in half, releasing energy
1. Does the reaction ADP + P --> ATP store or release energy? Why?
2. Does the reaction ATP --> ADP + P store or release energy? Why?
(250 each)
1. releases energy because a bond is broken
2. stores energy because a bond is formed
Explain how ATP functions like a battery in your cells.
ATP delivers just enough energy to power celllular processes, like a battery delivers just enough energy to power a device like a phone. ATP is rechargable, like many batteries, and needs to be connected to a power source (glucose) in order to get "recharged".
Where do you think water "goes" after it is produced by cellular respiration?
Any reasonable idea accepted! Some answers might include:
-we breathe out water (have you ever fogged up a window by breathing on it?)
-we sweat out water
-water exits in urine and feces
-our bodies use the water for some other chemical reaction(s)
-water stays in our bodies as an important component of our cells