Mesopotamia
What two rivers made the Fertile Crescent possible?
The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
What river was essential to ancient Egyptian civilization?
The Nile River
What major wall was built in ancient China for protection?
The Great Wall of China
What type of government began in ancient Athens?
Democracy
What type of government did Rome have before it became an empire?
A Republic
What is the name for the first known system of writing developed by the Sumerians?
Cuneiform
What were pyramids mainly used for?
Tombs for pharaohs
What religion began in ancient India and was founded by Siddhartha Gautama?
Buddhism
What city-state in Greece focused heavily on military training?
Sparta
What structure carried water into Roman cities?
Aqueducts
What was Hammurabi famous for creating?
Hammurabi’s Code (a written set of laws and consequences)
What writing system did the ancient Egyptians use?
Hieroglyphics
What social class system developed in ancient India?
The Caste System
What sea surrounded much of ancient Greece and helped trade?
The Mediterranean Sea
Who was the first Roman emperor?
Augustus Caesar
Why did civilizations develop near rivers in Mesopotamia?
Rivers provided water, transportation, and fertile soil for farming.
Why was the Nile River called the “Gift of the Nile”?
It flooded and left fertile soil for farming.
What philosophy taught respect for elders and proper behavior in China?
Confucianism
Name a greek philosopher
Socrates, Plato, Aristotle
Which Roman government body influenced the U.S. Senate?
The Roman Senate
What is a city-state?
An independent city with its own government and laws
Who was considered both a king and a god in ancient Egypt?
The Pharaoh
Name one important invention from ancient China.
compass, silk, or gunpowder
What kinds of crops did Greece produce?
Olives and Grapes
What was the Pax Romana?
A long period of peace and stability in the Roman Empire