Spinal nerves
How many pairs of spinal nerves does the human body have?
A. 12 pairs
B. 26 pairs
C. 31 pairs
D. 20 pairs
C. 31 pairs
What are the 3 nerve plexuses?
A. Lumbosacral, Brachial, Axillary
B. Brachial, Axillary, Femoral
C. Cervical, Thoracic, Lumbar
D. Cervical, Brachial, Lumbosacral
D. Cervical, Brachial, Lumbosacral
Compression of the intervertebral discs in the lumbar region results in lower back, gluteal, thigh, calf, and/or foot pain
A. Herniated disc
B. Stenosis
C. Sciatica
D. Fractured vertebrae
C. Sciatica
Which is FALSE about the ANS?
A. The sympathetic nervous system is most active during resting conditions
B. Glands react to impulses by contracting, secreting, or begin inhibited
C. Motor impulses synapse in ganglia inside of the CNS
D. Most organs receive input from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
C. Motor impulses synapse in ganglia inside of the CNS
The specific area of skin innervated by sensory nerve fibers from ONE spinal nerve is called
A. Sensory unit
B. Dermatome
C. Episensor zone
D. Afferent stimulation unit
B. Dermatome
What conducts sensory impulses from the PNS into the spinal cord?
A. Dorsal root ganglion
B. Cervical enlargement
C. Efferent neurons
D. Ventral root ganglion
A. Dorsal root ganglion
The cervical plexus is formed by
A. Anterior branches of C1-C4
B. Posterior branches of C1-C4
C. Anterior branches of C3-C5
D. Posterior branches of C3-C5
A. Anterior branches of C1-C4
Angela got into a car accident that caused her head and neck to bend suddenly, compressing her cervical plexus; weeks later she still has persistent headaches and neck pain. What is the most likely cause?
A. Thoracic outlet syndrome
B. Broken vertebrae
C. Neck sprain
D. Whiplash
D. Whiplash
Preganglionic sympathetic fibers leave the spinal cord via ventral roots and enter the
A. Craniosacral division
B. Sympathetic chain ganglion
C. Motor units
D. Postganglionic fibers
B. Sympathetic chain ganglion
The ANS is primarily controlled by what part of the brain?
A. Hypothalamus
B. Brainstem
C. Thalamus
D. Medulla oblongata
A. Hypothalamus
True or False: All spinal nerves are mixed except for C1
A. True
B. False
A. True
Which nerve of the lumbosacral plexus supplies motor impulses to the adductor muscles of the thigh?
A. Femoral
B. Obturator
C. Sciatic
B. Obturator
Mark has been a painter for 15 years and has recently been experiencing neck, shoulder, and uppper arm pain from the continuous flexion of his arm. This puts pressure on his brachial plexus. The most likely diagnosis is
A. Tendinitis
B. Thoracic outlet syndrome
C. Rotator cuff tear
D. Cervical compression syndrome
B. Thoracic outlet syndrome
Preganglionic fibers have cell bodies in the _____ and postganglionic fibers have cell bodies in the _____
A. PNS; Ganglia
B. CNS; Ganglia
C. Ganglia; PNS
D. Ganglia; CNS
B. CNS; Ganglia
Acetylcholine is released by what kind of neuron?
A. Endogenous
B. Nicotinic
C. Adrenergic
D. Cholinergic
D. Cholinergic
Which feature of the spinal cord is formed by descending roots of lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal nerves?
A. Conus medularis
B. Filum terminale
C. Lumbar enlargement
D. Cauda equina
D. Cauda equina
Which branch of the brachial plexus is responsible for supplying motor function to the forearms and hands?
A. Musculocutaneous
B. Ulnar & Median
C. Radial
D. Axillary
B. Ulnar & Median
In carpal tunnel syndrome, repeated movements of the hand inflame tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, compressing the _______ nerve and causing pain.
A. Axillary
B. Radial
C. Musculocutaneous
D. Median
D. Median
Which of the following is an adrenergic neuron?
A. Preganlionic; Sympathetic
B. Postganglionic; Sympathetic
C. Preganglionic; Parasympathetic
D. Postganglionic; Parasympathetic
B. Postganglionic; Sympathetic
Norepinephrine is broken down by what enzyme?
A. Monoamine oxidase
B. Acetylcholinesterase
C. Adrenalase
D. Tryptan hydrolase
A. Monoamine oxidase
Which of the following is NOT a branch of spinal nerves outside of the spinal cord?
A. Meningeal branch
B. Parietal branch
C. Visceral branch
D. Anterior branch
E. Posterior branch
Which branch of the brachial plexus is responsible for supplying motor to ONLY the posterior muscles of the arms?
A. Musculocutaneous
B. Ulnar & Median
C. Radial
D. Axillary
C. Radial
Broken/Dislocated vertebrae can sever axons leading to the _______ nerve resulting in paralysis in the ________
A. Phrenic; Diaphragm
B. Axillary; Deltoid
C. Median; Forearm
D. Femoral; Thigh
A. Phrenic; Diaphragm
In the parasympathetic division, which does NOT give off preganglionic fibers of the head?
A. Glossopharyngeal (IX)
B. Facial (VII)
C. Oculomotor (III)
D. Trigeminal (V)
D. Trigeminal (V)
The parasympathetic division of the ANS is also called
A. Cervicothoracic division
B. Thoracolumbar division
C. Craniosacral division
D. Thoracosacral division
C. Craniosacral division