Crusades
What were the series of religious wars fought between Christians and Muslims for control of the Holy Land?
Crusades
What Renaissance movement focused on human potential, achievements, and classical learning?
Humanism
What devastating food shortage struck Europe between 1315 and 1317?
Great Famine
Which Italian writer authored The Divine Comedy?
Dante
What direct tax helped French monarchs strengthen royal authority after the Hundred Years’ War?
Taille
What meeting in 1095 did Pope Urban II use to call for the First Crusade?
Council of Clermont
What state of being alone was praised by Petrarch as beneficial for reflection and study?
Solitude
What deadly disease, spread by fleas on rats, killed millions during the 14th century?
Bubonic Plague
hich female Renaissance writer defended women in The Book of the City of Ladies?
Christine De Pizan
Who was the French peasant girl who inspired France to victory during the Hundred Years’ War?
Joan of Arc
What crusade involved Richard the Lionheart, Philip II, and Frederick Barbarossa?
2nd Crusade
What language refers to the everyday speech of ordinary people rather than Latin?
Vernacular
What prejudice or discrimination against Jewish people increased during the Middle Ages?
Anti-Semitism
Which Renaissance sculptor created a famous bronze statue of David?
Donatello
What English civil war was fought between the houses of Lancaster and York?
War of Roses
What crusade resulted in the sack of Constantinople instead of reaching the Holy Land?
3rd Crusade
What Renaissance movement involved paintings in books and gothic style buildings
Northern Artistic Renaissance
What period saw multiple rival popes claiming authority over the Catholic Church?
Great Schism
Which artist painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel and created the famous picture of God and Adam
Michelangelo
Which pope’s election in 1378 helped trigger the Great Schism?
Pope Urban VI
Who was the young leader associated with the Children’s Crusade from Germany?
Nicholas of Cologne
Who is known as the “Father of Humanism”?
Franchesco Petrarch
What conflict involved the pope asserting authority over taxation against the French king?
Boniface VIII Vs Phillip IV
Which architect designed the dome and brought it to the Rennaisance
Fillipo Brunichelli
Which French king was challenged by Edward III for the French crown starting the 100 years war?
King Phillip VI