Vocabulary
Define the vocabulary term "atom"?
An atom is the basic unit of matter
What charge does a proton have?
(+) Positive charge
"He" is Helium's _________ ___________. (2 words)
Element Symbol
What is a reactant?
Elements/compounds that enter into a chemical reaction; what you start with.
A substance with a pH of 7 and an equal number of H+ and OH- is _____.
Neutral
Define the vocabulary terms "acid"
A compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; a pH less than 7.
What is the name for the subatomic particle that gives off a neutral charge in an atom?
Neutron
An elements atomic mass consists of _________ and ____________.
Protons & Neutrons
The energy needed to get a reaction started is called the _____ energy.
Activation
When salt is dissolved in water, salt is the _____.
Solute; The substance that gets dissolved.
Define the vocabulary term "product" given the topic of chemical formulas
A product is an element(s)/compound(s) produced by a chemical reaction.
Where do electrons lie in an atom?
They are located in the electron shell.
If an atom contains 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons, its mass number is _____.
7
What is the effect of an enzyme on the energy of a chemical reaction?
Enzymes decrease the activation energy of the reaction.
Human blood has a pH of 7.4. How do buffers in the blood affect the pH?
Buffers prevent small amounts of acid/base from changing the pH of blood; a compound that prevents sharp, sudden changes in pH.
Define the vocabulary term "Covalent Bond"
Type of bond between atoms in which the electrons are shared.
What does that atomic number tell you about an atom/element?
The amount of protons.
There are 14 protons, 16 neutrons, and 14 electrons in an atom. What is the atom's atomic number?
14
In chemical reactions, atoms are _____.
(Options: created, rearranged, or destroyed)
Rearranged
Water molecules are polar, with the oxygen side being slightly ________ and the hydrogen side being slightly __________.
oxygen side being slightly NEGATIVE...
hydrogen side being slightly POSITIVE
Define the vocabulary term "enzyme"
Protein catalyst that speeds up the rate of specific biological reactions.
What elements and how many atoms make up H2O?
2 Hydrogen and 1 Oxygen
Carbon-12, Carbon-13, and Carbon-14 are __________.
Isotopes; contains the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
C2HO3 Given the chemical formula, how many atoms are there?
6; 2 Carbon + 1 Hydrogen + 3 Oxygen = 6 atoms
Long term energy storage and an important part of membranes in living things belongs to which macromolecule?
Options: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acid
Lipids