U.S Healthcare Characteristics
The role of the U.S government relative to private health companies
What is a subsidiary?
The general cost level of the U.S health system compared to other countries
What is high cost
The coverage type provided by most developed nations that the U.S lacks
What is universal health insurance
The specific level at which health determinants are always evaluated
What is the individual level
The blood pressure threshold above which a patient's reading is considered elevated
What is 140/90
The average life expectancy in the U.S
What is 78.5 years?
The level of overall health outcomes the U.S has despite high spending
What are average outcomes
The country where the government pays 70% of care and patients cover 30% out-of-pocket
What is Canada
Four dimensions of life that make up environmental health determinants
What are physical, socio-economic, socio-political, and socio-cultural
Body mass index (BMI) category reached when a 5'2" patient weighs 175 pounds
What is obesity
Factor that determines whether a person can access medical care
What is health insurance coverage?
The percentage of U.S survey respondents who avoided medication doses due to cost
What is 18%
The country where the government directly manages infrastructure and finances through tax-supported care
What is United Kingdom
Environmental factors, including air pollution, radiation, toxic chemicals, and water/food risks
What are contaminants
A determinant that does not need clinical review if the patient states they do not smoke
What is tobacco usage
The structural flaw that shows the U.S lacks a single authority running healthcare
What is having no central governing agency
The percentage of people surveyed who couldn't get immediate (same-day or next day) care
What is 42%
Two countries featured in Chapter 1 as well-established healthcare comparison models
What are Canada and France
Three everyday environmental triggers that can cause nasal congestion
What are allergies, tobacco smoke, and car exhaust
A social determinant that does not need review for a patient who is middle class and already established at a clinic
What is access to care
The percentage of U.S healthcare spending that is funded by private sources
What is 55%
Main areas where government health spending fills gaps left by private insurance
What are public health, research, and care for vulnerable populations
The major law passed to expand U.S. insurance access, which still fell short of universal coverage
What is the Affordable Care Act
Behavioral health determinant evaluated when daily alcohol consumption increases health risks
What is substance abuse
A health determinant not considered during a routine adult clinic visit unless specifically reported
What are immunizations (or mental health / injury violence)