Anatomy Basics & Organization
What is the study of the structure of the body and its parts?
What is anatomy?
What term means maintaining a stable internal environment?
What is homeostasis?
Which body cavity contains the brain?
What is the cranial cavity?
Which organ system includes the skin, hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands?
What is the integumentary system?
What directional term means “toward the head” or above another body part?
What is superior?
What is the basic unit of structure and function in all living things?
What is a cell?
In a homeostatic mechanism, what structures detect changes in the internal environment?
What are receptors?
What muscle separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity?
What is the diaphragm?
Which organ system contains the heart, blood vessels, and blood?
What is the cardiovascular system?
The wrist is farther from the point of attachment of the arm than the elbow. Therefore, the wrist is _____ to the elbow.
What is distal?
Put these levels of organization in order from smallest to largest: organ, cell, organ system, tissue, organism.
What is cell → tissue → organ → organ system → organism?
What is the normal value or range that the body attempts to maintain called?
What is the set point?
Which body cavity contains the urinary bladder and internal reproductive organs?
What is the pelvic cavity?
Which two organ systems control and coordinate the body using neurotransmitters and hormones?
What are the nervous system and endocrine system?
What anatomical plane divides the body into anterior and posterior portions?
What is the frontal or coronal plane?
What term describes the sum of all chemical reactions occurring within the cells of an organism?
What is metabolism?
When body temperature becomes too low, name two responses that help return it toward normal.
What are shivering and constriction of blood vessels in the skin?
What is the name of the membrane directly covering the lungs?
What is the visceral pleura?
Which organ system removes wastes from the blood and helps maintain water and electrolyte balance?
What is the urinary system?
A structure on the right side of the body and another structure on the left side are described as being on _____ sides of the body.
What is contralateral?
A student says anatomy and physiology are unrelated because one studies structure and the other studies function. Why is this incorrect?
What is because the function of a body part depends on how it is structured?
During childbirth, contractions stimulate even stronger contractions until the baby is delivered. What type of feedback mechanism is this, and why?
What is positive feedback because the response increases or amplifies the original change?
In a double-layered body membrane, what is the difference between the parietal and visceral layers?
What is the parietal layer lines the cavity wall, while the visceral layer covers the organ?
A cell needs oxygen and nutrients delivered to it and wastes carried away. Which organ system is primarily responsible for transporting all of these materials?
What is the cardiovascular system?
A section divides the body into equal right and left halves. What is the specific name for this section?
What is a sagittal (midsagittal) or median section?