Endocrine Glands and Hormone Chemistry
Endocrine glands release their products directly into this.
What is the blood/bloodstream?
The posterior pituitary releases ADH and this hormone.
What is oxytocin?
Cortisol is produced by this region of the adrenal gland.
What is the adrenal cortex?
The thyroid requires this mineral to make T3 and T4.
What is iodine?
Excess growth hormone during adulthood causes this condition.
What is acromegaly?
A cell must have this in order to respond to a particular hormone.
What is the appropriate receptor?
Growth hormone secretion is inhibited by this hormone.
What is somatostatin?
The adrenal medulla releases hormones that help enhance this emergency response.
What is the fight-or-flight response?
This thyroid cell type produces calcitonin.
What are C cells / parafollicular cells?
Excess growth hormone during childhood causes this condition.
What is gigantism?
Cortisol belongs to this chemical class of hormones.
What is a steroid hormone?
Growth hormone stimulates production of this growth-promoting substance.
What is IGF-1 / somatomedin?
This pituitary hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete its hormones.
What is ACTH?
Two DIT molecules combine to form this thyroid hormone.
What is T4 / thyroxine?
Hypothyroidism in infants and children causes this condition.
What is cretinism?
When two hormones together produce a greater effect than either alone, their interaction is described by this term.
What is a synergistic effect?
This hormone promotes water retention by the kidneys and decreases urine volume.
What is ADH?
A patient with inadequate adrenal cortex hormone production may have this disorder.
What is Addison’s disease?
This thyroid hormone is also known as T4.
What is thyroxine?
Graves’ disease is a form of this type of thyroid dysfunction.
What is hyperthyroidism?
Chronically high hormone concentrations can make target cells less sensitive by causing this change in receptor number.
What is down-regulation?
During labor, this posterior-pituitary hormone causes uterine contractions and later promotes milk ejection.
What is oxytocin?
A patient has excessive cortisol, central weight gain, and other signs of prolonged glucocorticoid excess. This disorder should be suspected.
What is Cushing’s disease/syndrome?
A patient has excessive cortisol, central weight gain, and other signs of prolonged glucocorticoid excess. This disorder should be suspected.
What is a goiter?
A patient with Graves’ disease develops noticeably bulging eyes. This finding is called this.
What is exophthalmos?