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Scientific study of hair and its diseases and care
Trichology
Hair, skin, nails, and glands all belong to the ________System.
Integumentary
The part of the hair that is located below the surface of the epidermis
Hair root
A tube-like depression, or pocket in the skin or scalp that contains the hair root
hair follicle
thickened, club-shaped structure that forms the lower part of the hair root
hair bulb
small, cone-shaped elevation located at the base of the hair follicle that fits into the bulb
dermal papilla
Gland that secretes an oily substance called sebum
sebaceous gland
Your body naturally produces _____ of the 20amino acids that make up the hair
11
Although the hair cuticle scales overlap, each individual cuticle scale is attached to the:
cortex
Hair is composed of_________
protein
carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulfur
COHNS elements
Proteins are made of long chains of________joined together like pop heads
amino acids
strong, chemical bonds that joins amino acids
peptide bonds
Long chain of amino acids linked by polypeptide bonds
polypeptide chain
List the 3 types of side bonds
hydrogen, salt, and disulfide
weak, physical, side bond that is easily broken by water or heat
hydrogen bond
Strong chemical side bond that is very different from the physical side bond of a hydrogen or salt bond
disulfide bond
small, involuntary muscle in the base of the hair follicle
arrector pili muscle
Hydroxide chemical hair relaxers break disulfide bonds and convert them to_________bonds
Lanthionine
All natural hair color is the result of the pigment located within the cortex called________
melanin
provides natural dark brown to black color
eumelanin
lighter pigment- ranging from red and ginger, to yellow and blonde
pheomalanin
refers to the shape of the hair strand
wave pattern
short, fine, unpigmented, and downy hair that appears on the body
vellus hair, or lanugo hair
Three phases in hair growth
anagen, catagen, telogen
Hair growth phase in which new growth occurs
anagen
final phase in the hair growth cycle until the hair is shed
telogen phase
abnormal hair loss
alopecia
hair loss due to genetics, age, or hormonal changes
androgenic alopecia
hair loss caused by an auto immune disorder- causes areas of bald patches
alopecia areata
Alopecia totalis is complete hair loss of the scalp, what is total hair loss of the body?
alopecia universalis
technical term for gray hair
canities
technical term for split ends
trichoptilosis
technical term for knotted hair
trichorrhexis nodosa
technical term for beaded hair
monilethrix
technical term for brittle hair
fragilitis crinium
condition of abnormal hair growth
hypertrichosis
technical term for dandruff
pityriasis
technical term for ringworm
tinea
the infestation of the hair and scalp with head lice
pediculosis capitis
technical term for a boil
an acute, localized bacterial infection of the hair follicle
furnuncle
the thickness or diameter of each individual hair strand
hair texture
Which has the largest diameter?
Measures the number of individual hair strands on one square inch of the head. (known as thin, medium, or thick)
hair density
ability of the hair to absorb moisture
porosity
ability of hair to stretch and return to its original length without breaking
elasticity