DNA Structure & History
This is the shape of DNA.
What is a double helix?
DNA replication is described as this type of process where each new strand has one old and one new strand.
What is semiconservative replication?
This type of RNA carries the message from DNA to the ribosome.
What is mRNA?
A change in DNA sequence is called this.
What is a mutation?
DNA’s main role is to store instructions for making these.
What are proteins?
These are the basic building blocks of DNA.
What are nucleotides?
This enzyme “unzips” DNA.
What is DNA helicase?
This process makes RNA from DNA.
What is transcription?
This is a cluster of genes controlled together in prokaryotes.
What is an operon?
The central dogma describes the flow of information from DNA to this to proteins.
What is RNA?
This scientist showed bacteria could change using DNA from other bacteria.
Who is Griffith?
Short fragments formed on the lagging strand are called this.
What are Okazaki fragments?
This process builds proteins at the ribosome.
What is translation?
Chemicals or radiation that cause mutations are called this.
What are mutagens?
If DNA has 27% thymine, this percent is cytosine.
23%
This rule states A = T and C = G in DNA.
What is Chargaff’s Rule?
This enzyme adds nucleotides to build a new DNA strand.
What is DNA polymerase?
These are removed from mRNA before it leaves the nucleus.
What are introns?
This type of mutation adds extra bases into DNA.
What is an insertion?
Cells with multiple origins of replication are most likely this type.
What are eukaryotic cells?
These scientists helped discover the structure of DNA. (Name at least 2)
Who are Watson, Crick, Franklin, or Wilkins?
This strand is made continuously during replication.
What is the leading strand?
A group of three bases on mRNA that codes for an amino acid.
What is a codon?
This process helps control gene expression by breaking down RNA.
What is RNA interference?
This explains why base pairing allows DNA to copy itself accurately.
What is complementary base pairing?