The continuity of life is based on the reproduction of cells
What is cell division?
100
A duplicated chromosome is called
What is a sister chromatid?
100
Mitosis is conventionally broken down in to five stages:
What is Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase?
100
Stages that make up mitosis,
What is Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase and Cytokinesis?
100
-The centrosome are now at opposite poles of the cell
-Chromosomes convene at the metaphase plate
-kinetochore of sister chromatids attached to kinetochore microtubules coming from opposite poles
What is Metaphase?
200
The life of a cell from the time it is first formed from a dividing parent cell until its own division into two daughter cells
What is the cell cycle?
200
Region of a chromatid containing specific DNA sequences where the chromatid is attached most closely to its sister chromatid.
What is the centromere?
200
First gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase before DNA sythesis, includes growth, new organelles, protein synthesis and enzymes for S-Phase.
What is the G1 Phase?
200
An assemblage of microtubules and associated proteins that is involved in the movement of chromosomes during mitosis.
What is the mitotic spindle?
200
-Chromatin fibers become tightly coiled
-nucleoli disappear
-duplicated chromosome appears as two identical sister chromatids joined at centromeres
-mitotic spindle begins to form
-centrosomes move away from each other
What is Prophase?
300
A cell's endowment of DNA, its genetic information
What is a genome?
300
How many chromatids are in a duplicated chormosome?
What is two?
300
Second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of interphase after DNA synthesis, includes DNA replication, protein synthesis slows and production of histones,
What is the G2 Phase?
300
A subcellular region containing material that functions throughout the cell cycle to organize the cell's microtubules.
What is the centrosome?
300
-Two daughter nuclei form in the cell/nuclear envelopes arise from the fragments of the parent cell's nuclear envelope
-nucleoli reappear
-chromosome becomes less condensed
-mitosis is completed
What is Telophase?
400
Cellular structure carrying genetic material
What is a chromosome?
400
Once chromosomes separate, they are no longer called sister chromatids, but,
What is a chromosome?
400
Accounts for 90% of the cell cycle; name sub-phases,
What is interphase?
-G1 phase
-S phase
G2 phase
400
A radial array of short microtubules, extend from each chromosome.
What is the aster?
400
-begins when the cohesin proteins are cleaved/allows sister chromatids to part
-two liberated daughter chromosomes begin moving toward opposite ends of cell as their kinetochore microtubules shorten
-cell elongates as the nonkinetochore microtubules lengthen
-two ends of cell have equivalent and complete collections of chromosomes
What is Anaphase?
500
The entire complex of DNA and proteins that is the building material of chromosomes
What is a chromatin?
500
A chicken has 78 chromosomes in its somatic cells. How many chromosomes did the chicken inherit from each parent? How many in each of the chicken's gametes? How many will be in each somatic cell of the offspring?
What is 39;39;78?
500
Synthesis of DNA in the cell cycle
What is the S phase?
500
A structure of proteins associated with specific sections of chromosomal DNA at each centromere.
What is the kinetochore.
500
-Nucear envelope fragments
-Microtubules extending from each centrosome can now invade the nuclear area
-chromosome become more condensed
-each chromatids each have kinetochore
-some microtubules attach to kinetochore, becoming kinetochore microtubules