1
what molecules are decomposed by chlorine atoms?
ozone
Montreal Protocol
process by which the atmosphere traps heat radiated up from Earth's surface
greenhouse effect
atmospheric conditions on any given day
weather
which does not reduce CO2 in the atmosphere?
a. animal respiration
b. tropical rain forests
c. oceans
d. phytoplankton
a. animal respiration
what are 3 examples of prevailing winds?
trade winds, westerlies, and polar easterlies
when water is cooler than usual in the eastern Pacific Ocean
La Nina
what is caused by wind and influenced by earth's rotation?
elevation is a factor in climate because under most conditions
a. temp falls as elevation increases
b. temp rises as elevation increases
c. temp is not affected by elevation
d. snowfall is unlikely at high elevation
a. temp falls as elevation increases
seasonal change in daylight and climatic conditions are caused by
a. the annual change of distance from sun to earth
b. ocean currents
c. lunar phases
d. the 23.5 degree tilt of earth's axis
d. the 23.5 degree tilt of earth's axis
what greenhouse gas is added to the atmosphere when fossil fuels are burned?
CO2 (Carbon dioxide)
a continuous record of annual average atmospheric CO2 concentrations from Mauna Loa, Hawaii reveals
a. steady increase since 1988
b. no change since 1958
c. steady decrease since 1958
d. steady increase since 1958
d. steady increase since 1958
what happens to cold air as it sinks?
a. it expands and cools further
b. it compresses and warms
c. it remains at the same pressure and temperature
d. it always releases water vapor
b. it compresses and warms
ozone holes appear in polar regions during springtime when ozone-destroying
a. chlorine atoms are released from polar stratospheric clouds
b. chlorine atoms are captured by polar stratospheric clouds
c. CFCs are synthesized in polar stratospheric clouds
d. CFCs magnify ultraviolet light
a. chlorine atoms are released from polar-stratospheric clouds
a certain volume of warm air
a. always holds less water vapor than the same volume of cold air
b. always holds the same amount of water vapor as the same volume of cold air
c. cannot hold as much water vapor as the same volume of cold air
d. is able to hold more water vapor than the same volume of cold air
d. is able to hold more water vapor than the same volume of cold air
winds that push warm water eastward in the Pacific Ocean and cause unusually warm waters
El Nino
how long does it take for chlorofluorocarbons released from Earth's surface today to reach the stratosphere?
10 to 20 years
international agreement that seeks to limit CO2 emissions from developed countries
Kyoto Protocol
what has a strong effect on climate due to the of Earth's axis
latitude
what do scientists use that is a complex set of equations relating to concentrations of atmospheric gases, winds, and many other variables
climate models
gases such as carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, methane, and nitrous oxide are considered what?
greenhouse gases
a predicted increase in Earth's average temperature, caused by the release of gases, such as carbon dioxide, through human activities
global warming
compounds that contain chlorine and cause ozone destruction in the upper atmosphere
chlorofluorocarbons
What is a negative result of high UV radiation at Earth's surface?
DNA damage
the ozone layer protects living organisms of earth by?
blocking solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation