A
war in which all of country's resources are devoted to destroying the enemy; war in which there are no limits on targets or kinds of weapons used
total war
Germany's two-front war strategy during WWI in which Germany would quickly conquer France and Russia
Schlieffen Plan
agreements between Mussolini and the Vatican City that ended the pope’s opposition to Italy’s unified government
Lateran Treaties
German republic after WWI; organized at Weimar
Weimar Republic
the use of religion to promote goals of the state
civil religion
Bismarck's secret treaty with Russia
Reinsurance Treaty
loose confederation between Russia, England and France prior to World War I
Triple Entente
made tremendous contributions to science with his theories on the relationship between matter and energy; father of modern physics
Albert Einstein-
treaty between the Allies and Germany that contained harsh demands and blamed Germany for WWI
Treaty of Versailles
means majority and a radical faction led by Lenin that supported the violent overthrow of the monarchy
Bolsheviks
art style after WWI that emphasized how artist felt about his subjects
Expressionism
art style after WWI that showed subjects in geometric shapes and from several perspectives
Cubism
an economic downturn in the U.S during the 20th century; affected many other nations
Great Depression
the ruler of Germany who dismissed Bismarck and allowed the Reinsurance Treaty to expire
Wilhelm II
meeting of several nations that agreed to limit the number of warships each could build
Washington Naval Conference
an agreement Germany signed with France and Belgium recognizing its present borders with those two nations as permanent
Locarno Pact
American agency that controls the U.S. money supply and works to protect the American banking system
Federal Reserve
movement started by the Arabs to seek a united state of Arabia and an Arab League that would spread from the west coast of Northern Africa to Saudi Arabia
Pan-Arabism
Archduke who was heir to the throne of Austria-Hungary and was assassinated in 1914
Francis Ferdinand
led the Chinese Communist Party and stirred up peasant revolts in order to undermine the conservative government of Chiang Kai-shek
Mao Zedong
alliance of Russia, Serbia and France in WWI; alliance of Britain, France, Poland and later U.S and the Soviet Union in WWII
Allies
formed the Fascist Party and gradually transformed Italy into a dictatorship
Benito Mussolini
means minority and a moderate political group that sought change through peaceful methods
Mensheviks
wartime condition in which two opposing forces have no major gains on either side
stalemate
French physicians who pioneered work in radioactive matter
Pierre and Marie Curie