Substances/Mixtures
Which two things are considered pure substances?
What are three common states of matter?
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
Which term is used to describe a solid changing to a liquid?
Melting
state of matter in which materials have a definite shape and definite volume
Solid
What does it mean to be malleable?
Substance can be molded/shaped with physical force and will not shatter
If salt dissolves in water to create salt water, is this a substance or mixture? And specifically which type?
Homogeneous mixture
Which state of matter has a definite volume but indefinite shape as it takes the shape of its container?
Liquid
Which type of change (endothermic or exothermic) is occurring when a substance is absorbing energy from its surroundings?
Endothermic
substance that is made from two or more simpler substances and can be broken down into those simpler substances
Water, vinegar, milk (runny liquids)
Which type of separation method would we use to separate two liquids from each other using their boiling points?
Distillation
In which state of matter do we find particles in an orderly arrangement?
Solid
Which type of phase change is occurring when a substance goes from a solid state directly to a gas?
Sublimation
Precipitate
What are the three ways we can prove a chemical change has occurred?
Change in color, production of a gas, forms a precipitate
Explain the different sizes of mixtures from smallest to largest particle size
Solution, colloid, suspension
Give an example of a substance that exists as a gas at room temperature
Oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, fluorine, etc
State two different exothermic phase changes
Freezing, Condensation, Deposition
material's ability to allow heat transfer
Conductivity
Explain what it means for a substance to have high reactivity.
It easily combines chemically with other substances
Define a compound and give an example.
A substance formed when two or more different elements are chemically bonded together in fixed ratios. (Water - H2O)
Describe the particles of a gas substance in detail
Particles are very spaced out, always moving in different directions and at different speeds until they collide with other particles
What is the difference between vaporization and evaporation?
Vaporization requires a substance to reach its boiling point and evaporation occurs well below a substances boiling point
Energy an object has due to its motion
Kinetic energy
What are the SI units for density and volume?
Density = g/cm3
Volume = cm3