SCIENTIFIC METHOD
An 'If...then' statement, which tries to predict the outcome of an experiment, is also known as what?
What is an hypothesis
Which atoms make up a water molecule?
what is 1 oxygen, 2 hydrogen atoms
What are the 4 categories of Macromolecules?
What are lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids
Energy required to get a chemical reaction started
What is Activation Energy
An enzyme, found in our saliva, which breaks down carbohydrates.
Amylase
In an experiment, what is the name of the factor that is affected during the experiment, i.e. what you measure?
What is the dependent variable
Because of the size difference in the oxygen and hydrogen atoms, they don't share electrons equally. This causes the water molecule to have positively and negatively charged parts, or poles. Which part of the water molecule has a negative charge?
What is the oxygen atom
What is the main fuel that cells use for cellular work? (HINT: it is one of the key parts of an ATP molecule, and is found in fruits, sports drinks, and milk)
What are monosaccharides
A substance that increases the rate of chemical reactions by decreasing the amount of energy required. (HINT: in the human body, enzymes act as this)
What is a catalyst
Does the boiling temperature of water increase or decrease at higher elevations?
What is decrease
Which variables are not changed throughout an experiment? Why have this variable in the experiment?
What are the control variables, because their unchanging state allows the relationship between the other variables being tested to be better understood)
What bond is created when the negatively charged oxygen of one water molecule is attracted to the positively charged hydrogen of another water molecule?
What is a hydrogen bond?
What are 3 examples of polysaccharides? (HINT: also known as complex carbohydrates)
What are 1) Starch 2) Glycogen, and 3) Cellulose
Factors that affect enzyme activity, such as pH and temperature, cause proteins to do this which disables their functionality
What is denature
Name the two types of nucleic acids.
What are RNA and DNA
'In a study looking at how studying impacted test scores, scientists found a positive correlation between more studying and higher test scores'. What is the independent variable and dependent variable?
IV= studying
DV= test scores
This property of water results in surface tension (caused by hydrogen bonds).
What is cohesion
Which type of macromolecule is a steroid? Give one example of a steriod.
What is a lipid
Example- Testosterone and Estrogen
Denaturing changes the shape of this on an enzyme, further preventing the enzyme and substrate from binding.
What is the active site
Name the polysaccharide that is stored in humans. Where is it stored
Glycogen. Stored in the liver
A person enters the room with a raincoat on. You think it is raining outside. This is an example of a
deduction
What are the properties of water associated with transpiration? Describe each in relation to transpiration.
Cohesion and adhesion as the water molecule moves up the xylem (capillary action).
What distinguishes one amino acid from another?
The various R groups. There are 20 amino acids so there are 20 different R groups.
This chemical reaction leaves the products with more energy than the reactants had started with.
What is an endothermic reaction? the reactions' surrounding temperatures tend to be colder as the reaction sucked energy from its surroundings, like ice melting)
How many times stronger is a pH of 3 than a pH of 6?
What is 1000x