The Nature of Matter
The basic unit of matter.
What is an atom?
An uneven distribution of electrons between the oxygen and hydrogen atoms in water is known as this.
What is polar?
Smaller compounds that join together to form polymers (larger compounds) are known as this.
What are monomers?
A process that changes, or transforms, one set of chemicals into another.
What is a chemical reaction?
Substances formed by the chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.
What are compounds?
What are protons (positive), neutrons (no charge), and electrons (negative)?
An attraction between molecules of different substances is this.
What is adhesion?
Compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They can usually be found in a 1:2:1 ratio. They are considered the main source of energy for organisms?
What are carbohydrates?
The elements or compounds that enter into a chemical reaction are known as this. The elements or compounds produced by a chemical reactions are known as this. Half credit if you only get one!
What are reactants and products?
An attraction between molecules of the same substance is this.
What is cohesion?
Atoms of the same element that differ in the number of neutrons they contain.
What are isotopes?
A material composed of two or more elements or compounds that are physically mixed together but not chemically combined are called this.
What are mixtures?
Compounds made of mostly carbon and hydrogen. They are used to store energy and create biological membranes.
What are lipids?
The energy needed to get a reaction started is known as this.
What is activation energy?
Sharing is caring with the elements in this type of bond.
What is a covalent bond?
These solutions contain higher concentrations of H+ ions than pure water and has a pH value below 7.
What are acids?
These macromolecules are made up of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus. They store and transmit genetic information.
What are nucleic acids?
These proteins act as biological catalysts. This means that they speed up chemical reactions in cells by lowering the activation energy.
What are enzymes?
These solutions contain lower concentrations of H+ ions than pure water and have pH values above 7.
What are bases?
A slight attraction that develops between the oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules.
What are Van der Waals forces?
Weak acids and bases that can react with strong acids and bases to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH.
What are buffers?
Macromolecules that contain nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. They control the rate of reactions and regulate cell processes.
What are proteins?
The reactants of enzyme-catalyzed reactions are known as this.
What are substrates?
Even distribution of particles. Bonus points if you can name the two parts this even distribution.
What is a solution, solute, and solvent?