Chapter 3

Vocabulary

100

What is a(n) Electrolyte?

An electrolyte is a compound that conducts electricity when molten or dissolved in water.

200

What are electrodes?

Electrodes are carbon rods or metallic strips that carry electrical current.

300

What is an ion?

Ion: an atom or group of atoms with a charge 

400

What is an anode and a cathode? 

Anode: positive electrode 

Cathode: negative electrode 

500

What is an anion and a cation?

Anion: negative ion

Cation: positive ion

Famous Scientists

100

What experiment did Robert Millikan create and what did the experiment determine?

Robert Millikan created the oil-drop experiment, the experiment determined the charge of the electron.

200

X-rays were discovered by which scientist?

Wilhem Roentgen 

300

Antoine Becquerel discovered what?

Radioactivity 

400

Who discovered the electron?

Joseph John Thomson 

500

Goldstein observed what using what machine? 

Goldstein observed positive rays using a perforated cathode. 

Atoms

100

What three parts make up an atom?

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

200

What does the superscript A represent in the Nuclear symbol? 

mass number 

300

What does the subscript Z represent in the nuclear symbol?

The subscript Z represents the atomic number.

400

What can you get from the Atomic Number?

You can find the number of protons. 

500

What makes up the mass number?

The number of protons plus the number of neutrons makes up the mass number.

Atoms cont.

100

What is the electron configuration of the atom magnesium? 

The electron configuration of magnesium is 

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²

200

How many valence electrons are in the element aluminum? 

There are 3 valence electrons in the element aluminum. 2 in the first shell, 8 in the second shell with 3 left in the 3rd shell.

300

How many neutrons are there in uranium with an atomic nucleus of 235 and a mass number of 92? 

There are 143 neutrons in the uranium nucleus.

A - Z = number of neutrons 

235 - 92 = 143 

400

What is the electron configuration of the Br^- ion? 

The electron configuration for Br^- is 

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶

500

What is the electron configuration of the element Strontium?

1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²

Vocabulary cont.

100

Group 1A is also called...

Alkali Metals

200

Group 2A is also called... 

Alkaline Earth Metals 

300

Halogens are in group?

Halogens are in group 7A

400

When electrons are in the lowest energy state they are in what state? 

Ground state

500

What shape is the s orbital?

What shape is the p orbital?

The s orbital is in the shape of a sphere

The p orbital is in the shape of a peanut