Vocab
What carries blood away from the heart
Arteries
Each side of the heart has two chambers: an _____ and a ______.
atrium, ventricle
the amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction is called
stroke volume(SV)
The purpose of ventilation is to move air __ an ___ of the body
in, out
The cardiorespiratory system is composed of two closely related systems, the ________ system consisting of the heart, blood vessels, and blood and the _____ system which includes the trachea, bronchi, alveoli, and the lungs.
cardiovascular, respiratory
They gather blood returning to the heart, and act much like a reservoir:
Atria
The heart has its own built-in ______ system, that sends electrical signals throughout all cardiac cells.
conduction
What transports oxygen to all bodily tissues and removes waste products?
blood
The mechanisms of breathing are divided into 2 phases called:
inspiration and expiration
An adult heart is roughly the size of what?
a fist
__________ pump: a combination of bones and muscles that work together to move air in and out of the body while helping return blood to the heart during inspiration.
Respiratory
Determine the difference between the right and left sides of the heart in terms of the blood's O2 and CO2.
The right side receives blood from the body that is *low in O2 and high in CO2* and pumps it to the lungs
The left side of the heart pumps blood *high in O2 and low in CO2* to the rest of the body.
What helps hold muscle cells together during contraction and create an electrical connection between the cells that allows the heart to contract as one functional unit.
Intercalated discs
Works closely with cardiovascular system to accomplish optimal cellular function by..
transporting oxygen from the environment and transferring it to the bloodstream, and transferring carbon dioxide from the blood to the lungs.
Myofibrils and sarcomeres are features that give a striated appearance when referring to the...
The structure of cardiac muscle
Define cardiac output
the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute
When referring to the cardiac region the muscle fibers are ______ and more ______ connected then skeletal muscle fibers.
shorter, tightly
Describe what the right atrium does.
The right atrium gathers deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the entire body.
Fill in the blank:
Oxygen is inhaled through nose and mouth conducted through the trachea, down the bronchi, where it eventually reaches the ____ and ______ sacs.
lungs, alveolar
____________ is the filled volume of the ventricle before contraction.
End-diastolic volume (EDV)
Define capillaries
the site of exchange of water and chemicals between the blood and the tissues
It is situated in the _______ region of the chest.
mediastinum
Describe what the left ventricle does.
The left ventricle receives the oxygenated blood from the left atrium and proceeds to pump it to the entire body.
Give an 2 examples of what abnormal breathing patterns can cause.
-Breathing pattern becomes more shallow
-fatigue or stiff muscles
- joints becoming restricted
-less joint motion
-increase of headaches
Blood is made of __% plasma and __% cells and platelets.
55, 45