Migration & Settlement
This SPECIFIC group migrated to New England in large numbers during the 1630s.
Who were the Puritans?
This forced voyage transported enslaved Africans across the Atlantic to the Americas.
What was the Middle Passage?
This is a LARGE agricultural estate that produces crops for sale.
What is a plantation?
Name one major New England industry besides farming.
Shipbuilding, fishing, whaling, lumbering, or maritime trade.
Which colonial region became especially associated with plantation agriculture?
The Southern Colonies.
Name one major reason Puritans left England for New England.
They sought to establish religious communities and escape religious persecution or restrictions.
These three regions were connected by the Atlantic system known as triangular trade.
What are Europe, Africa, and the Americas?
This type of crop is grown primarily to be sold for profit.
What is a cash crop?
This local gathering allowed eligible members of a New England community to discuss and decide local issues.
What was a town meeting?
Which regional economy relied heavily on fishing, shipbuilding, and maritime trade?
The New England economy.
This migration helped establish and expand English settlements in which colonial region?
New England.
Name two types of goods that were traded through the Atlantic trade network.
Manufactured goods, enslaved people who were forcibly transported, sugar, tobacco, rice, rum, and other colonial products.
Name two major cash crops grown on Southern plantations.
Tobacco, rice, or indigo.
This local official handled certain legal matters and aspects of public order.
Who was a justice of the peace?
Which regional economy was especially associated with grain farming and agricultural trade?
Middle colonies.
A family leaves England because it wants to build a community based on its religious beliefs. Which historical migration does this most closely resemble, and why?
The Great Migration, because many Puritans moved to New England to establish religious communities.
Explain HOW plantation agriculture helped sustain the Atlantic trade system.
Plantations produced cash crops for export, creating demand for shipping, trade, and enslaved labor.
Why did the climate and growing season of much of the South encourage plantation agriculture?
Long growing seasons and suitable land supported crops such as tobacco, rice, and indigo.
What was the purpose of a colonial night watch?
To patrol the community and help protect people and property by watching for dangers such as crime or fire.
In many Southern colonies, these local institutions and officials played an important role in governing communities.
County governments and local officials, including justices of the peace.
Explain why the Great Migration was about more than simply finding a new place to live.
It involved religious goals, the desire to establish a particular kind of community, and the expansion of English settlement in New England.
Why is it misleading to describe triangular trade as simply an exchange of goods between three regions?
Because it also involved the forced transportation and exploitation of enslaved Africans and was shaped by unequal power and economic interests.
Explain how the demand for cash crops influenced the growth of slavery in the Southern Colonies.
Plantation owners sought large labor forces to produce crops for profit. Enslaved Africans were forcibly transported and exploited to supply labor, and slavery became deeply embedded in the plantation economy.
New England had rocky soil and a shorter growing season than the South. Explain how these conditions shaped its economy.
They limited large-scale plantation agriculture, while forests, harbors, and the coastline supported shipbuilding, fishing, lumbering, and trade.
Evaluate this claim: 'Geography was more important than people's goals in shaping colonial economies.' Give one example supporting your answer and explain your reasoning.
New England's coastline encouraged maritime trade, while the South's climate supported cash crops. Students should recognize that geography interacted with settlers' goals, labor systems, and markets.