Vocabulary 1
A region with good conditions for growing crops that stretches from the Mediterranean coast east through Mesopotamia ( modern Iraq) to the Persian Gulf.
Fertile Crescent
To supply water to.
Irrigate
State containing several countries or territories.
Empire
What caused Sumer’s population to grow?
A dependable food supply enabled it to grow.
Who made up the lower class in Sumer culture?
The lowest class was mostly slaves.
Wide, flat plain in between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in present-day Iraq.
Mesopotamia
Independent state consisting of a city and its surrounding territory.
City-state
Money that is used as a medium of exchange, usually bills or coins.
Currency
How was Hammurabi’s rule similar to Sargon’s?
Hammurabi also gave power to rulers who controlled distant cities.
How many symbols did the Phoenician alphabet have?
It had 22 symbols.
Soldiers who fight while riding horses.
Cavalry
A set of laws that governed life in the Babylonian empire.
Hammurabi’s Code
Worship of many gods or deities.
Polytheism
What helped Sumerians produce more food?
Improved Agricultural techniques helped them.
What caused the spread of Sumerian Culture?
Sargon’s troops brought their cultural traits with them as they traveled through the fertile crescent.
Brick, pyramid-shaped Mesopotamian temple.
Ziggurat
Good or service sold within a country that is produced in another country.
Import
Spread of cultural traits from one culture to another.
Cultural Diffusion
Why did Sumerians build Ziggurats?
Sumerians built ziggurats as temples to honor and worship their gods.
Name two things the Phoenicians manufactured?
They made purple clothes and pottery
Group of people living in a new territory with ties to distant states.
Colony
Trading system in which people exchange goods directly without using money.
Barter
Payment or gift to a stronger power.
Tribute
How did geography influence Phoenicia’s development?
Heavily forested mountains left little land for farming, so the Phoenicians were forced to take to the sea.
Who were the Immortals?
They were elite soldiers that made up the main part of the Persian army.