Section 1 Vocab
What is wavelength?
Is the distance between corresponding points on adjacent waves
What is an orbital?
Is a three-dimensional region around the nucleus that indicates the probable location of an electron
What is a noble gas?
Group 18 elements
What is a photon?
Is a particle of electromagnetic radiation having 0 mass and carrying a quantum of energy
What is excited state?
A state in which an atom has a higher potential energy than it has in its ground state
What is quantum?
Is the minimum quantity of energy that can be lost or gained by an atom
What is quantum theory?
Describes mathematically the wave properties of electrons and other very small particles
What is noble gas configuration?
Refers to an outer main energy level occupied, in most cases, by eight electrons
What is electromagnetic spectrum?
Together, all the forms of electromagnetic radiation form this
What is angular momentum quantum number?
Indicates the shape of the orbital
What is electromagnetic radiation?
Is a form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space.
What is quantum number?
Specify the properties of atomic orbitals and the properties of electrons in orbitals
What is electron configuration?
The arrangement of electrons in an atom
What is frequency?
Is defined as the number of waves that pass a given point in a specific time, usually one second
What is magnetic quantum number?
Indicates the orientation of an orbital around the nucleus
What is continuous spectrum?
The emission of a continuous range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation.
What is principal quantum number?
Indicates the main energy level occupied by the electron
What is the Aufbau principle?
An electron occupies the lowest energy orbital that can receive it
What is photoelectric effect?
Refers to the emission of electrons from a metal when light shines on the metal
What is spin quantum number?
Has only two possible values, which indicate the two fundamental spin states of an electron in an orbital
What is line-emission spectrum?
The four bands of light; when a narrow beam of the emitted light was shined through a prism, it was separated into four specific colors of the visible spectrum
What is Heisenberg Uncertainty principle?
States that it is impossible to determine simultaneously both the position and velocity of an electron or any other particle
What is Hund’s rule?
Orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron, and all electrons in singly occupied orbitals must have the same spin state
What is ground state?
The lowest energy state of an atom
What is Pauli exclusion principle?
No two electrons in the same atom can have the same set of four quantum numbers