Drive Based Motivation Theories
Goal-directed forces that people experience
What are needs?
A theory that explains employee behavior in terms of the antecedent conditions and consequences of that behavior
What is organizational behavior modification (OB Mod)?
A theory explaining how people develop perceptions of fairness in the distribution and exchange of resources
What is Equity theory?
Motivation that occurs when people want to engage in an activity for instrumental reasons, that is, to receive something that is beyond their personal control
What is extrinsic motivation?
A cognitive representation of a desired end state that a person is committed to attain
What is a goal?
Hardwired characteristics of the brain that correct deficiencies or maintain an internal equilibrium by producing emotions to energize individuals
What are drives?
Reinforcement that occurs when an employee has control over a reinforcer but doesn’t “take” it until completing a self-set goal
What is self-reinforcement?
The perception that appropriate procedural rules have been applied throughout the decision process
What is procedural justice?
Motivation that occurs when people are fulfilling their needs for competence and autonomy by engaging in the activity itself
What is intrinsic motivation?
The extent to which employees must use different abilities and talents to perform tasks within their jobs
What is skill variety?
A motivation theory based on the innate drives to acquire, bond, comprehend, and defend that incorporates both emotions and rationality
What is four-drive theory?
A theory that explains how learning and motivation occur by observing and modeling others as well as by anticipating the consequences of our behavior
What is social cognitive theory?
The perception that appropriate rules have been applied in the way the people involved are treated throughout the decision process
What is Interactional justice?
A motivation theory based on the idea that work effort is directed toward behaviors that people believe will lead to desired outcomes
What is Expectancy theory?
An approach to coaching and feedback that focuses on building and leveraging the employee’s strengths rather than trying to correct their weaknesses
What is Strengths-based coaching?
A learned need in which people want to accomplish reasonably challenging goals and desire unambiguous feedback and recognition for their success
What is need for achievement (nAch)?
The practice of systematically partitioning work into its smallest elements and standardizing tasks to achieve maximum efficiency
What is scientific management?
An ethical principle stating that appropriate decision criteria should be applied to calculate how various benefits and burdens are distributed
What is Distributive justice?
The practice of increasing the number and variety of related tasks assigned to a job
What is job enlargement?
The degree to which a job has a substantial impact on the organization and/or larger society
What is Task significance?
A motivation theory of needs arranged in a hierarchy, whereby people are motivated to fulfill a higher need as a lower one becomes gratified
What is Maslow's needs hierarchy theory?
The result of a division of labor, in which work is subdivided into separate jobs assigned to different people
What is Job specialization?
A job design model that relates the motivational properties of jobs to specific personal and organizational consequences of those properties
What is a job characteristics model?
The practice of giving employees more responsibility for scheduling, coordinating, and planning their own work
What is Job enrichment?
The degree to which a job requires completion of a whole or an identifiable piece of work
What is Task identity?