Middle Kingdom & Its Changes
What event marked the beginning of the Middle Kingdom in Egypt?
The rise of the Hyksos
A new dynasty restoring order
The invention of the chariot
The building of pyramids
How were the Hyksos able to take control of Egypt?
They used powerful new weapons
They had stronger navies
They made alliances with Nubia
They starved Egypt until they surrendered
How did Hatshepsut show she was a strong ruler?
By expanding Egypt through war
By closing temples across Egypt
By destroying all records of the Hyksos
By building monuments and encouraging trade
What made Amenhotep IV unusual as a pharaoh?
He tried to change Egypt’s religion to worship one god
He was the first pharaoh to trade with the Phoenicians
He built the first pyramid
He never used temples
Many Egyptians burned __________ for its pleasant smell during religious ceremonies.
Why did the Egyptians build a canal connecting the Nile River to the Red Sea?
To improve trade routes.
Why was wood from other regions so valuable to the Egyptians?
They needed it for temples
They used it to pay taxes
It was needed for farming
Egypt had few trees
Pharaohs of the Middle Kingdom had their tombs built in cliffs in an area known as the __________.
Valley of the Kings
How did Egyptians view their pharaohs in connection to the gods?
Pharaohs were seen as chosen by or connected to the gods.
Define tribute
Forced payment
Why is the Middle Kingdom often called Egypt’s “golden age”?
Pharaohs stopped building anything
Egypt conquered Rome
It was a time of peace, order and improvements
Egypt invented writing
What does Hatshepsut’s choice to dress like a male pharaoh reveal about Egyptian society?
Appearance was tied to leadership and acceptance
Egyptians believed women were stronger rulers
Egyptians did not follow traditions
Clothing was unimportant
What was Ramses II best known for?
Inventing bronze tools
Ending all wars in Egypt
Refusing to trade with other nations
Building large temples
How did religion influence the building of temples in Egypt?
Temples honored the gods and were built as sacred places of worship.
Hatshepsut believed in this rather than war.
Conquests
What does a “golden age” usually include?
Peace and safety for people
Growth in art, building, and learning
A strong and stable government
4. All of the above
Why did Egyptian kings want strong relationships with nearby kingdoms?
To improve farming
To prevent being isolated and strengthen alliances
To force everyone to worship Aton
To avoid building monuments
Why is Tutankhamun (King Tut) famous today?
He ruled Egypt for 60 years
He defeated the Hittites
His tomb was found mostly untouched
He invented a new writing system
Why were temples important to the economy as well as religion?
They were used to grow crops
They were homes for pharaohs
They stored goods and hired workers
They served only as schools
A group of warriors from western Asia
The Hyksos
What contributed to Egypt’s decline after the rule of Ramses II?
Continuous costly wars
Decreased interested in the region
A lack of farmland
The invention of iron
Why did Egyptians build a canal from the Nile to the Red Sea?
To protect against invaders
To make pyramid building easier
To improve trade routes
To supply cities with drinking water
What did the discovery of King Tut’s tomb teach historians?
He ruled Egypt for 60 years
He defeated the Hittites
His tomb was found mostly untouched
He invented a new writing system
Which pharaoh expanded Egypt the most through military conquests
Hatshepsut
Thutmose III
Amenhotep IV
Tutankhamen
Egyptian rulers sent these to represent them and maintain relationships with other kingdoms.
Envoys