6.1 Classical Conditioning
The change in an organism's behavior or thought as a result of experiences.
What is Learning?
Learning controlled by the consequences of the organism's behavior. Instrumental conditioning is a part of this type of learning.
What is Operant Conditioning?
Develop after one trial and the negative response occurs hours after.
What are Conditioned Taste Aversions?
Many techniques are purported to make you learn better, faster, and more.
What are Learning Fads?
A form of learning in which animals come to respond to a stimulus. Contains 5 components.
What is Classical Conditioning?
If we are rewarded for our actions we are more likely to repeat that action for a reward. Learning involves the stimulus and response with the reinforcement of the reward.
What is the Law of Effect?
Means to learn by watching others, they don't need to engage in trial and error to learn how to do something new.
What is Observational Learning?
The idea that all conditioned stimuli can be paired to elicit a conditioned response.
Learning by turning on a record and attempting to listen to it while you sleep. Research has shown the only benefits to this is because participants wake up.
What is Sleep Assisted Learning?
The learning phase during which a conditioned response is established.
What is Acquisition?
The outcome or consequence of a behavior that strengthens the probability of the behavior.
An outcome that decreases the probability of a response. Both can be positive and negative. What are they?
What is Reinforcement and Punishment?
Prefrontal neurons that become active when an animal observers or performs an action. May play a role in observational learning and having empathy for others.
What are Mirror Neurons?
The idea that we are evolutionary predisposed to be more afraid of things than others.
What is Preparedness?
A learning technique where students figure out scientific principles through trial and error.
What is Discovery Learning?
The gradual reduction and eventual elimination of the conditioned response after the conditioned stimulus is presented repeatedly without the unconditioned stimulus.
What is Extinction?
What is Shaping?
An experiment that suggests humans and some other animals may learn through sudden understanding.
The tendency for animals to return to innate behaviors following repeated reinforcement.
A Learning Style where students prefer to use their body, hands, and sense of touch to learn.
What is Kinesthetic Learning?
Process in which organisms develop classically conditioned responses to a conditioned stimulus by virtue of its association with another conditioned stimulus.
What is High Order Conditioning?
A theory that explains an anxiety that begins with classical conditioning but is maintained by negative reinforcement.
Ex: I am bitten (UCS) by a dog (CS) resulting in fear (CR). I then avoid dogs (negative reinforcement).
What is the Two Process Theory?
The way an organism responds to a stimulus depends on what the stimulus means to it.
What is Stimulus Organism Response Psychology?
A powerful excitatory neurotransmitter that is released by nerve cells in the brain. Plays an important role in learning and memory.
What is Glutamate?
1. Neutral Stimulus
2. Unconditioned Stimulus
3. Unconditioned Response
4. Conditioned Stimulus
5. Conditioned Response
What are the 5 Components of Classical Conditioning?