Organization
Nervous system subdivision that is composed of brain and spinal cord
What is the CNS?
Location of the nucleus
What is the cell body?
Specialized cells that myelinate the fibers of neurons found in the PNS.
What are Schwann cells?
Sensory receptors found in muscles and tendons that detect their degree of stretch.
State in which the resting potential is reversed as sodium ions rush into the neuron.
What is depolarization?
Subdivision of the PNS that regulates the activity of the heart and smooth muscle, and of the glands; it is also called the involuntary nervous system.
This part releases neurotransmitters.
What is the axon terminal?
Junction or point of close contact between neurons.
What is the synapse?
Neuron that conducts impulses toward the CNS from the body.
What is an afferent neuron?
Period of repolarization of the neuron during which it cannot respond to a second stimulus.
What is the refractory period?
A major subdivision of the nervous system that interprets incoming information and gives orders.
What is the CNS?
This generally conducts impulses away from the cell body.
What is the axon?
Neuron, serving as part of the conduction pathway between sensory and motor neurons.
What is an association neuron?
The largest part of the human brain.
What are the cerebral hemispheres?
Period during which potassium ions diffuse out of the neuron.
What is repolarization?
Subdivision of the PNS that controls voluntary activities such as the activation of skeletal muscles.
What is the somatic nervous system?
This increases the speed of impulse transmission.
What is myelin sheath?
Gaps in myelin sheaths.
What are Nodes of Ranvier?
Name for cavities (not valleys) found in the brain.
What are ventricles?
The chief positive intracellular ion in a resting neuron.
What are potassium ions?
A name for the type of cells that support, insulate, and protect neurons.
What is neuroglia?
This conducts electrical currents toward the cell body.
What is the dendrite?
Neuron that conducts impulses away from the CNS to muscles and glands
What is an efferent neuron?
An elevated ridge of cerebral cortex.
What is a gyrus?
Process by which ATP is used to move sodium ions out of the cell and potassium ions back into the cell; completely restores the resting conditions of the neuron.
What is the sodium-potassium pump?