Key Terms
What is the common good?
The general well-being of all within society.
What makes a prudent person?
The prudent person is the wise person who has the ability to do good and avoid evil
What is a maxim?
A general truth or rule of conduct.
What are Generally binding rules?
Rules that apply in all circumstances unless there is another compelling rule in conflict with this rule
who said “The natural law is nothing other than the light of understanding placed in us by God; through it we know what we must do and what we must avoid.”
Thomas Aquinas
What is natural law?
The original moral sense which enables people to discern by reason what is good and what is evil, what is true and what is a lie.
What are rules?
Rules are not strictly legislated but are nevertheless obligatory guidelines for action. Rules indicate how we ought to behave in certain situations, and can be absolute, generally binding, or relative
What is obligation?
Something you are bound to do by duty; your responsibility.
Who said “Since all things are ruled and measured by the Eternal Law [God’s Law], we must conclude that they participate in this Law insofar as they derive from it the inclinations through which they tend naturally toward their proper operations and ends..."
Thomas Aquinas
In chapter 8 what five things have we learned we need to consider in doing good?
norms, laws, rules, principles, and prudence.
What is law?
The judgment of a lawmaker about the means necessary to promote and protect the common good. maxim: A general truth or rule of conduct
Who said, "Act in such a way that you always treat humanity, whether in your own person or in the person of any other, never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end.”
Kant
What is a proverb?
A brief, popular saying or adage containing a nugget of wisdom.
Who siad "Natural Law is natural not only in so far as it is the normality of functioning of human nature, but also in so far as it is naturally known..."
Jacques Maritain
Who's book is The Republic?
Plato
What is moral principle?
Basic truths used to determine rules of conduct. In moral reasoning, principles are used to measure moral obligation or to determine how to act in particular situations
Which gospel is this passage from, “Do to others as you would have them do to you.”
Luke
What is inclination?
Natural disposition towards a perceived good. Related to passions
What is the church's viewpoint on abortion
does not support
What is the name of the philosopher Socrates's student?
Glaucon
What is passion?
Feelings, desires or emotions. Morally speaking, they are neither good nor evil in themselves, but are morally good when they contribute to a good action, and morally evil when they contribute to an evil action
What are absolute rules?
Absolute rules are rules that generally apply under all circumstances.
What is virtue?
Human virtues are firm attitudes, stable dispositions, habitual perfections of intellect and will, that govern our actions, order our passions and guide our conduct according to reason and faith.
What is the church's viewpoint on assisted suicide and euthanasia
Does not support.
Who was Gyges?
A shepherd in the service of the ruler of Lydia.