Mendel accounted for the observation that traits that had disappeared in the F1 generation reappeared in the F2 generation by proposing that _______
What is: traits can be dominant or recessive and the recessive traits were obscured by the dominant ones in the F1.
100
An occasional mishap in which the members of a pair of homologous chromosomes do not move apart properly during meiosis 1 or sister chromatids fail to separate during meiosis 2 is called _____
What is: a nondisjunction
100
In E. coli, which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a new DNA strand in the 5' → 3' direction?
DNA polymerase III
100
Name the four nucleotides present in DNA
What is: Guanine, Thymine, Adenine and, Cytosine
100
The basic unit of life is _____
What is: The Cell
200
The phenotype for a character most commonly observed in natural populations is called _____
What is: the wild type
200
When a chromosomal fragment is lost it's called ____
What is: deletion
200
In E. coli, to repair a thymine dimer by nucleotide excision repair, in which order do the necessary enzymes act?
What is: nuclease, DNA polymerase I, DNA ligase
200
Are the nitrogenous base pairs in a DNA strand held together by Hydrogen Bonds or Covalent Bonds?
Hydrogen Bonds
200
Hydrocarbons are insoluble in water because ____
What is: The majority of their bonds are non polar covalent carbon-to-hydrogen linkages.
300
When Thomas Hunt Morgan crossed his red-eyed F1 generation flies to each other, the F2 generation included both red and white-eyed flies. Remarkably, all the white-eyed flies were male. What was the explanation for this result?
What is: The gene involved is on the x-chromosome
300
A deleted fragment may become attached as an extra segment to a sister chromatid producing a ____
What is: Duplication
300
In E. coli, what is the function of DNA polymerase III?
What is: to add nucleotides to the 3' end of a growing DNA strand
300
Helices
What is: Unwinds double helix
300
The major components of a nucleotide are _____
What is: a nitrogenous base, a phosphate group, and a pentose sugar
400
A____W__E________G
5 3 12
Between which two genes would you expect the highest frequency of recombination?
What is: A and G
400
A chromosomal fragment may also reattach to the original chromosome but in the reverse orientation producing a ____
What is: Inversion
400
What is the role of DNA ligase in the elongation of the lagging strand during DNA replication?
What is: It joins Okazaki fragments together.
400
Adenine & Thymine, Guanine & Cytosine
How do DNA nucleotides pair up?
400
Which of these is the second of the three stages of cell signaling?
What is: Transduction
500
If a chromosome is present in triplicate in the zygote, the aneuploid cell is _____
What is: Trisomic
500
When a fragment joins a non homologous chromosome it's called ____
What is: Translocation
500
What is the difference between the leading strand and the lagging strand in DNA replication?
What is: The leading strand is synthesized continuously in the 5' → 3' direction, while the lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously in the 5' → 3' direction.
500
What are the 4 criteria that DNA must meet in order to be the universal genetic molecule?
What is: Transmission, Information Storage, Replication, Variation
500
T or F
What is: (T or F): The active sits of an enzyme is the region that binds noncompetitive inhibitors