random ? from Ch 2
what does bioenergetics mean
the study of how energy is transformed in living organisms.
what are the types of substrates?
fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.
when is the ATP-PC system utilized?
first 30 seconds during short but high-intensity activities.
what does glycolysis do?
breaks down glucose
what are the 3 metabolic pathways
-phosphagen-(ATP-PC system)
-glycolytic
-oxidative
what are the 2 major enzymatic systems for aerobic metabolism?
the Krebs cycle and the Electron transport chain.
is the ATP-Pc system anaerobic?
yes
where does glycolysis occur?
in the sarcoplasm of the muscle cells.
what are the three forms of carbohydrates?
-monosaccharides
-disaccharides
-polysaccharides
what is the function of the krebs cycle?
to oxidize the substrates.
what enzyme is utilized in the ATP-PC system
creatine kinase
when is the ATP produced in the glycolysis system?
what are the 4 types of fatty acids?
-saturated
-unsaturated
-monounsaturated
-polyunsaturated
what's the function of the electron transport chain?
to produce the majority of ATP during aerobic metabolism
due to training what is an adaptation of ATP-PC system?
there will be an increase in the enzyme creatine kinase.
what types of metabolism does glycolysis produce energy for?
both the anaerobic and aerobic metabolism.
what does creatine kinase do?
breaks PC into creatine and Pi, and donates the Pi to ADP which replenishes ATP.
what activates ATP synthase?
the hydrogen channels in the membrane allow hydrogen ions to flow down their concentration gradient.
what is the cause of muscle fatigue?
the increased acidity and accumulation of Pi due to the increase of hydrogen ions.
what are the final products of glycolysis?
-2 pyruvate molecules
-2NADH+ H+
- A net gain of 2 ATP