Subatomic Particles & Bohr Model
This particle carries a negative charge and orbits around the outside of the nucleus
What is an electron?
An atom turns into an ion specifically when it gains or loses these subatomic particles.
What are electrons?
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of these particles but different numbers of these particles
What are protons and neutrons?
As you move down any column (group) from top to bottom on the periodic table, atomic radius changes in this way.
What is increasing? (Atoms get bigger).
This term describes the electrons located only in the outermost energy level of an atom.
What are valence electrons?
In a neutral, uncharged atom, the number of negative electrons must exactly equal the number of these positive particles.
What are protons?
If a neutral magnesium atom loses 2 electrons, this is the correct chemical symbol and charge for the resulting ion.
What is Mg2+?
Write out the full name for an atom that contains 6 protons and 8 neutrons.
What is Carbon-14?
As you move across a single row (period) from left to right, atomic radius changes in this way.
What is decreasing? (Atoms get smaller).
This is the maximum number of electrons that can fit into the first (innermost) shell.
What is 2?
To find the overall mass number of an atom, you must add the total number of these two subatomic particles together.
What are protons and neutrons?
If an atom loses negative electrons, it will end up with this type of overall charge.
What is a positive charge?
The decimal number listed under an element on the periodic table represents this "weighted" average of all its natural isotopes.
What is the relative atomic mass?
Going down a group, the atomic radius increases because each new row adds one of these to the atom.
What is an electron shell?
This Atom is located in period 3 and group 2.
What is magnesium?
Draw the Bohr model of Cl-
8 electrons on the outer shell
If an ion has a 3+ charge and has 10 electrons. This is the identity of the element.
What is Aluminium
Copper has two main isotopes: Copper-63 and Copper-65. If the periodic table lists Copper's average atomic mass as 63.55 amu, this specific isotope is more abundant in nature.
What is Copper 63?
Between the elements Lithium (Li) and Neon (Ne), this specific element has the smaller atomic radius.
What is Neon?
These atoms want to lose 2 electrons to gain a full shell.
What is group 2?
When looking at a complete Bohr model for a neutral Lithium-7 atom, you will count 3 electrons in the outer rings, 3 protons in the nucleus, and this exact number of these particles also inside the nucleus.
What is 4 neutrons?
This is the exact number of electrons found in a Nitrogen ion with a 3- charge.
What is 10 electrons?
Boron has two isotopes: Boron-10 (20% abundant) and Boron-11 (80% abundant). This is the exact average atomic mass of the element. (Must show work)
What is 10.8 amu?
Going left to right across a period, atoms get smaller because more protons are added to the nucleus, creating a stronger positive pull that does this to the electron shells.
What is pulling them closer/tighter?
These atoms have 8 valence electrons.
What are noble gases?