Types of Bonding
Lewis Structures
Vocabulary and more
VSEPR Shape; Ideal Bond angle & Polar /Nonpolar Molecule
Hodgepodge
100
This bond results from the unequal sharing of electrons
Polar covalent bond
100
DRAW Lewis Structure for: BF3
NONPOLAR
100
VOCAB: When more than one valid Lewis Structure may be written for a compound
Resonance
100
H2O
SHAPE: BENT
ANGLE: 109.5 (104.5 actually)
POLAR - shape is assymmetrical.
100
Number of valence electrons and the common ionic charge of aluminum
3 Valence electrons; +3 common ionic charge
200
Involves neutral nonmetal atoms
Covalent bonding
200
The central atom is usually the one with...
The lowest electronegativity OR carbon
200
Define the OCTET Rule and reason for it
Most atoms form bonds to have 8 valence electrons - to have a full outer energy level which is a more STABLE configuration
200
H2CO
SHAPE: Trigonal planar
ANGLE: 120
POLAR (symmetrical shape but all terminal atoms are NOT the same element)
200
How to determine if a solid contains metallic, ionic, or covalent bonding.
Test its CONDUCTIVITY as a solid (if so = metallic) and as a LIQUID (if not = covalent)
300
The electronegativity difference of atoms in ionic bonds.
Greater than 1.7
300
DRAW Lewis Structure for: NO+1
POLAR
300
VOCAB: Arrangement of the atoms in a crystal.
What is a lattice.
300
CCl4
SHAPE: Tetrahedral.
ANGLE: 109.5
NONPOLAR - symmetrical shape AND all terminal atoms are the same element --> Dipoles cancel out.
300
Which has the smallest bond angle and WHY? CH4, H2O , PH3 or NH3?
All are basically tetrahedral shaped, but H2O has more lone pairs which makes bond angles smaller.
400
Type of compound with typically lowest melting points
Covalent
400
DRAW Lewis Structure for: NO3-1
(and 2 more resonance structures)
NONPOLAR
400
VOCAB: The ability of an atom to attract electrons in a bond
Electronegativity
400
NH3
SHAPE: Trigonal pyramidal
ANGLE: 109.5 (107.3 actually)
Polar (assymmetrical shape)
400
Type of bonding in CaH2 based on electronegativities [Ca EN = 1.0; H EN = 2.1 ]AND based on elements involved.
What is polar covalent (EN dif = 1.1) and ionic (metal and nonmetal in compound)
500
What electrons do to form (1) metallic bonds vs. (2) ionic bonds.
Metallic: Electrons are delocalized "sea of electrons
Ionic: Electrons are transferred to/from atoms to form ions.
500
Location on the periodic table of elements that may have A) less than an octet B) more than an octet ("expanded valence")
Less: smaller atomic number than carbon
MORE: 3rd period or higher (below carbon's period)
500
VOCAB: Smallest repeating piece of an ionic crystal
Unit Cell
500
ICl5
SHAPE: Square pyramidal;
ANGLE: 90
POLAR (assymmetrical shape)
500
Number of electrons in each of the bonds of CO2
Four (both are double bonds: O=C=O)