Reaction Types
What are 3 clues a chemical reaction has occurred?
Gas or precipitate is produced; an odor is produced, a change of color; a change of temperature; or light is produced
answers may vary
Where might you see a decomposition occurring in nature?
Answers may vary.
In the dirt, where bacteria and fungi are breaking down organic material.
What is formed in a double displacement reaction?
a solid ( precipitate).
What is a mole?
An amount of atoms called Avogadro's Number 6.02 x 10^23
List how atomic number and atomic weight( mass ) are different.
Atomic number is the number of protons in an element or atom.
Atomic Weight or mass is the number of protons + the number of neutrons
What do we need to add to our flask?
Neutalization
Indicator
True or False: If you have a synthesis chemical reaction, you can read it in reverse and it will represent a decomposition reaction.
True.
How are soluble and insoluble objects different?
Soluble objects dissolve in a solvent.
Insoluble objects do not dissolve in a solvent.
In the neutralization calculation after the titration, we can determine the volume of a specific acid is needed to neutralize a base.
MV = MV
What does V = and what are the units of V needed in the calculation?
V = volume
liters or dm^3
What atom is most common in molecules we call organics.
carbon ( C )
Which type of reaction produces water and a salt? Give an example of the reactants of one of these reactions.
Neutralization Reaction.
Examples will vary, one example:
HCl + NaOH -> H2O + NaCl
What is the this type of reaction?
CO + O2 --> CO2
Balance this reaction.
Synthesis
2CO + O2 --> 2CO2
In the single displacement reaction,
Mg + Cu(NO3)2 --> Mg( NO3)2 + Cu
Name all the reactants and products.
How many Nitrogens are present in the products?
magnesium + copper nitrate -> magnesium nitrate + copper
2 Nitrogen
Describe how color is produced in the Flame Color Test and in Bioluminescence.
In both reaction types, the electrons are excited to a higher energy state; when they return to the ground state the extra energy ( delta H ), gives off energy in the form of light.
BONUS QUESTION: Open to all teams! If your team chose it and you answer it first, you will get double points!
Using your periodic table, calculate the molecular weight of
Zn(NO3)2
approx. 189 amu
How do you know you have a polymer?
Give an example of a synthetic polymer and a biological polymer.
It is a long chain made of single repeating units called monomers.
Answers may vary.
Plastics
DNA
Photosynthesis represents a _________________ type of reaction.
Look on the board and balance the reaction. How many carbons on the products side.
Synthesis
6 Carbons
6CO2 + 6 H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
In a double displacement, cations and anions are dissolved in water and recombine.
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl ( aq ) -> AgCl ( s ) + NaNo3 ( aq)
List the cations: List the anions:
Which are all the molecules- name them- which dissolve? What is the solvent used?
Cations: Ag+ Na+
Anions: NO3- Cl-
silver nitrate, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate
water = ( aq ) = aqueous
In a combustion reaction, what are the products of a complete combustion?
How are melting point and flash point different?
CO2 + H2O
Melting point - the temperature when a substance changes from a solid to a liquid
Flash point - the temperature when a substance ignites
Name 5 families or groupings of the periodic table..
We may award partial points for more than 3.
answers will vary: alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens, transition metals, noble gases, lanthanides, actinides.
At the atomic level, what is happening when a chemical reaction occurs.
How can you speed up a reaction list 2 ways?
If the products have more energy overall than the reactants, is it an exothermic or endothermic reaction?
Bonds are broken and reformed.
Answers may vary. Add a catalyst, increase temperature, decrease volume, increase pressure, increase surface area, increase concentration
Endothermic reactions require energy to increase the energy of the products.
In the biological reaction of cellular respiration, how many oxygens are used in the reaction?
Balance the reaction first.
C6H12O6 + O2 --> CO2 + H2O
Is this an exothermic or endothermic reaction? Why?
18 moles of Oxygen atoms are needed.
Exothermic. This is how your cells get their energy.
C6H12O6 + 6 O2 --> 6CO2 + 6 H2O + Energy
The reactivity chart helps us predict if a single displacement will occur.
If we have a reaction that does not occur, is the single metal reactant above or below the metal in the molecule?
Explain why the nonreactivity of gold is an important property.
Below the single metal will not have the strength to break the bond of the metallic compound.
Cu + ZnCl2 -> NR
Gold does not react with most compounds that makes it unchangeable and long lasting.
A pineapple cake ended up floating in water. What is the density of this cake?
What two measurements must be taken to calculate the density? List 2 units which might be used in reporting the density.
How would you determine those two measurements?
Since it floats in water < 1g/ml
mass and volume possibly grams and milliliters
Use a scale for mass
Use a ruler and formula to calculate volume
Name 10 properties of any object. You do not need actual amount, for example, one property is mass. State your object. Then list the property categories.
Answers will vary color, mass, density, state of matter, ductility, malleability, luster, transparency, bounciness, length, width, height, flammability, toxicity, hardness, volume, reactivity