Chemical Bonds
A covalent bond is a...
bond between two nonmetals where electrons are shared.
In a chemical equation, what are the substances on the left side of the arrow called?
Reactants.
Which state of matter has the highest kinetic energy?
A gas.
What is energy transfer?
When the same form of energy is moved from one object to another.
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
7
In an ionic bond, what happens to the electrons?
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
In the formula H₂O, what does the "2" tell you?
That there are 2 hydrogen atoms in the compound.
In a solid, how do the particles move?
They vibrate in place.
Describe the difference between energy transfer and energy transformation.
Energy transfer moves energy between objects while energy transformation converts energy from one form to another.
When an acid and a base react together, they create what two products?
Salt and water.
Sodium is a metal and chlorine is a nonmetal. What type of bond forms between them?
An ionic bond.
What is the main piece of evidence that shows a chemical reaction has happened?
A new substance was formed.
Rank these from lowest to highest kinetic energy: steam, ice, water
Ice, water, steam.
When you burn wood and it produces heat and light, this type of energy change is occurring.
Energy transformation.
What is a solution?
A mixture where a substance is dissolved in another substance.
This type of bond creates a "sea" of electrons between atoms and only occurs between metals.
A metallic bond.
Why do we balance equations?
To follow the Law of Conservation of Mass.
This is the measure of the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance.
Temperature.
When heat moves from a hot cup of tea to the surrounding air, this type of energy change is occurring.
Energy transfer.
Is salt water an aqueous solution? Why or why not?
Yes, because salt is dissolved in water.
What is the definition of a chemical bond?
In the formula Mg₃(PO₄)₂, what is the purpose of the parentheses?
To group atoms together when you need more than one of that group.
What state of matter has a medium amount of kinetic energy?
Liquids
What is happening when one form of energy is converted to a different form of energy?
Energy transformation.
If a solution has a pH of 3, is it an acid or a base?
An acid?