Bond, James Bonding
Why are atoms in a compound hard to separate compared to pure substances in a mixture?
Because they are chemically bonded together.
All matter can be broken down into two forms. What are they?
Pure substance and mixture.
What is an ion?
an atom that has gained or lost an electron
What law helps us to properly balance an equation?
Steal: What does it state?
Law of conservation of matter (or mass)
Matter can not be created or destroyed.
How do we observe chemical properties and give an example?
We look to see whether the matter reacts with another substance, including flammability, combustion, oxidation, etc.
How do we identify a covalent bond in a chemical formula?
It will be between two non-metals.
What are the two types of pure substances?
Elements and compounds
Write the symbol and charge for the following atoms.
Sodium, Aluminum, Sulfur, Bromine, and Argon.
Na +1, Al +3, S - 2, Br -1, Ar
Balance the following equation
____ H2 + ____ 02 --> ___ H202
1, 1, 1, it is already balanced.
How do we identify a physical property, and what is an example?
Steal: What happens to the substance when determining the physical property?
We use our senses, color, hardness, smell, and melting point, etc.
Nothing, it is destroyed when determining chemical substances.
What is the name of a bond between a cation and an anion?
Ionic bond
What are the names of the two types of mixtures?
Steal: What is the alternative name we learned for one of them when it is a liquid?.
Homogeneous and heterogeneous
Aqueous solution.
What compound would potassium (K) and iodine form, and what is the formula for calcium and iodine form?
KI and CaI2
___ Na + ___ O2 ---> ___ Na2O
4, 1, 2
What is the difference between a chemical and a physical reaction?
A physical reaction is a change in size, shape (and location), and a chemical reaction produces a whole new substance.
An ionic bond is between a metal and a non-metal. How can you tell if the formula is accurate (stable)?
The charges of the ion will add up to zero.
How do we distinguish between the two types of mixtures?
Homogeneous looks uniform (the same) throughout (e.g., air, juice, salt water, mixed paint).
Heterogeneous has areas easily seen to be different (lava lamp, burger, muddy water, smoke, etc.)
How many atoms are in the following compounds, GeH4, Ca3(PO4)2, and 10 C6H1206
Steal: How many types of atoms were in this question?
5, 13, 240
6
___ Al + ___ S8 --> ___ Al2S3
16, 3, 8
Explain why phase changes are physical rather than chemical, even though it looks like the substance was destroyed.
The substance is not destroyed, no new substance is produced; it is just a change in size.
What is the difference between the two types of bonds?
Steal: We briefly discussed a third type. What was it?
In ionic bonding, electrons are completely transferred; in covalent bonding, they are shared.
Metallic
What two qualities allow us to identify a mixture from a pure substance?
They can be physically separated, because the pure substances in it are not chemically bonded.
What are the two types of ions, their charge, and how are each one made?
Cation = positive, and it loses electrons.
Anion = negative, and it gained electrons.
___ FeS2 +___ O2 ---> ___ Fe2O3 + ___ SO2
4, 11, 2, 8
Detail two ways that a mixute can be physically separated.
Distillation, filtration, magnetism, by hand, solubility, etc.