States of Matter
Name the three states of matter
solid, liquid, gas
mixture
What subatomic particle has no charge?
neutron
Which group contains the noble gases?
Group VIII
Which gas law describes the relationship between pressure and volume at constant temperature?
Boyle's Law
Which state of matter has a definite volume but no definite shape?
liquid
Which method is used to separate sand from water?
Filtration
What type of bond forms between a metal and a non-metal?
ionic bonds
What is the name given to Group VII elements?
Halogens
According to Charles's Law, what happens to the volume of a gas when temperature increases?
Volume increases
What process changes a liquid into a gas?
Evaporation
Name the method used to obtain salt from seawater.
Evaporation
An atom has atomic number 11. How many protons does it contain?
11
Are elements in Group I metals or non-metals?
Metals
A gas occupies 400 cm³ at 100 kPa. What volume will it occupy at 200 kPa? Using Boyle's Law
200 cm³
Explain why gases are easily compressed.
Gas particles are far apart with large spaces between them.
What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture?
A pure substance contains only one type of particle; a mixture contains two or more substances physically combined.
State two properties of ionic compounds.
high melting point
conduct electricity when molten/dissolved
crystalline solids
As you move across a period from left to right, do elements become more metallic or less metallic?
Less Metallic
A gas occupies 600 cm³ at 300 K. What volume will it occupy at 450 K? Using Charles's Law
900 cm³
A student notices water droplets forming on the outside of a cold glass. What process has occurred?
Condensation
A mixture contains iron filings, sand, and salt. Describe how all three substances can be separated.
Remove iron with a magnet, dissolve salt in water, filter out sand, evaporate water to recover salt.
An atom contains 17 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons. State its:
a) Atomic number
b) Mass number
a) 17
b) 35
What is the trend in reactivity as you go down Group II of the periodic table?
Reactivity Increases
A gas has:
P₁ = 100 kPa V₁ = 300 cm³ T₁ = 300 K
P₂ = 150 kPa T₂ = 450 K Find V₂.
V2=300 cm3