Definitions
Mass is neither created nor destroyed
Conservation of Mass (matter)
When a wire is cut, and the material has not been changed into a new material, this is an example of what type of change?
Physical change
the 3 subatomic particles and their charges
electron (-), proton(+), and neutron (0)
the number of protons in the atom is represented by this
atomic number
An ion is formed between these two classes of elements bonding
metal and nonmetal
An educated guess
Hypothesis
When a cake is baked and the original substance becomes something entirely different, this type of change has occurred.
Chemical change
atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called
isotopes
the number of protons and neutrons in an atom is represented by this
mass number
the number of covalent bonds that can be formed by elements in group 5
3 bonds in order to achieve a full octet
Any atom with a positive charge
Cation
Classification of Matter:
a blend of chicken and broth is an example of a ____, while the glucose we need is an example of a ____?
(2 part answer)
mixture and compound
In the notation, calcium-40, what does the 40 stand for?
the mass number - the total number of protons and neutrons (nucleons)
elements on the left side of the periodic chart that tend to lose electrons easily
metals
the total charge of an ionic compound after charges have been "balanced"
0
vertical column of elements that have similar chemical properties
Group or Family
Classification of Matter:
A cup of black coffee is an example of what type of mixture, while dirt is an example of what other type of mixture?
(2 part answer)
homogeneous and heterogeneous
the maximum number of electrons that can occupy any orbital type
2
Elements in group 17 (halogens) have how many valence electrons?
7
the formula and name of the ionic compound that is formed by Lithium (+1) and oxygen (-2)
What is lithium oxide and Li2O
the energy required to remove an electron from an atom
Ionization energy
Electrons are lost and gained in this type of bonding while they are shared in what other type of bonding?
(2 part answer)
ionic and covalent bonding
s, p, and d orbitals
s = 1
p = 3
d = 5
Elements in group 2 tend to ionize by
losing both (2) valence electrons to gain a +2 charge
What is the charge on mystery element, X, in the ionic compound, Al2X3?
-2