Modules 1-2
What is matter?
Any substance that cannot be decomposed into less massive substances
What is an element?
The mass unit used on the periodic chart
What is atomic mass unit or amu?
A specific shape that confines the position of an electron around the nucleus
What are orbitals?
Ions which are formed when a group of atoms gains or loses electrons
What are polyatomic ions?
Metric unit of energy
What is a joule?
A substance that contains different compounds and/or elements.
What is a mixture?
Relating the quantities of different substances in a chemical equation
What is stoichiometry?
Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons
What are isotopes?
A covalent bond in which the electrons are shared unequally between the atoms involved.
What is a polar bond?
The amount of heat necessary to warm one gram of water one degree Celsius
What is a calorie?
A compound made up of solely nonmetal atoms
What is a covalent compound?
When there is more than one reactant in a chemical equation, causing this reactant to run out first, stopping the entire reaction.
What is limiting reactant?
Most atoms strive to attain eight valence electrons
What is the octet rule?
What is VSEPR theory?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed. It can only change form.
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics?
What are homonuclear diatomics?
(6.02 x 1023)
What is Avogadro's number or a mole?
The process by which an atom turns into an ion by gaining or losing electrons
What is ionization?
A covalent bond in which the electrons are shared equally between the atoms involved.
What is a purely covalent bond?
An object's mass divided by the volume that the object occupies.
What is density?
Molecules and atoms are in constant motion, and the higher the temperature, the greater their speed.
What is the kinetic theory of matter?
A reaction in which O2 is added to a compound containing carbon and hydrogen, producing CO2 and H2O.
WHat is complete combustion reaction?
The modern-day model of the atom in which electrons whirl around the nucleus in various paths called orbitals
What is the quantum mechanical model?
A molecular shape in which a central atom is bonded to two other atoms and the bonds are 105 degrees apart.
What is bent?