Parenting and Family
What is a primary caregiver?
A person who takes major responsibility for a child's everyday care and wellbeing.
What are the four main areas of child development?
Physical, social, emotional and cognitive (intellectual) development.
What does the abbreviation CPR stand for?
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
Name one barrier method of contraception.
External condom, internal condom or diaphragm.
Babies can recognise familiar voices before they are born.
FACT
Babies begin hearing sounds during pregnancy and can become familiar with voices
Name two responsibilities of a parent or caregiver.
Providing food, shelter, safety, emotional support, healthcare and guidance.
What is a developmental milestone?
A skill or ability most children achieve within an expected age range.
Name two common hazards for toddlers in the home.
Examples: stairs, cleaning chemicals, small choking hazards, hot surfaces and unsecured furniture.
What is the contraceptive pill?
A hormonal medication taken regularly to prevent pregnancy.
The contraceptive pill protects against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
MYTH
The pill helps prevent pregnancy but does not protect against STIs.
What is positive parenting?
A supportive approach using warmth, clear boundaries, encouragement and respectful communication.
What is fine motor development? Give an example.
The development of small-muscle movements, such as drawing, buttoning clothes or holding a pencil.
Why should babies always be placed on their backs to sleep?
Back sleeping reduces the risk of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI), including SIDS.
What is an IUD?
An intrauterine device, a small contraceptive device inserted into the uterus by a trained healthcare professional.
All children reach developmental milestones at exactly the same age
MYTH
Children develop at different rates, and milestones are reached across a range of ages.
Explain why routines are important for young children.
They create predictability and security and support healthy sleep, eating habits, independence and emotional regulation.
Explain the difference between cognitive and social development.
Cognitive development involves thinking, learning and problem-solving; social development involves interacting and building relationships.
What should you do if a child swallows a potentially poisonous substance?
Seek immediate advice from the Poisons Information Centre (13 11 26 in Australia); call 000 if the child is unconscious, having trouble breathing or seriously unwell. Do not induce vomiting.
Where is the contraceptive implant placed?
Under the skin of the upper arm.
A child can form secure emotional attachments with more than one caregiver.
FACT
Children can develop secure relationships with multiple consistent and responsive caregivers.
How can different parenting approaches influence a child's emotional and social development?
Warmth, consistent boundaries and responsiveness can support confidence, emotional regulation and positive relationships; harsh or inconsistent approaches may create difficulties.
Explain two ways play supports a child's development.
Examples: builds communication, social skills, problem-solving, creativity, coordination and emotional regulation.
Explain three ways an early childhood educator can reduce the risk of accidents.
Active supervision, age-appropriate equipment, hazard checks, safe storage, hygiene and clear safety procedures.
Name two long-acting reversible contraceptive methods.
The contraceptive implant and an intrauterine device (IUD).
Antibiotics are effective treatments for viral illnesses such as the common cold.
MYTH
Antibiotics treat bacterial infections, not viruses.