GC/GCMS
Detector used in GC
Flame ionization detector
The position you inject your sample.
Load position
Stationary phase used in Adsorption Chromatography
Solid e.g silica
You want the easiest way to increase plate number so you increase…
The column length
Most common analyzer used to detect m/z of ions
Quadrupole mass analyzer
The most common LCMS interface
ESI (Electrospray ionization)
Methods to improve resolution of splitless injection in GC
Solvent and Cold trapping
Problem: Crowding of volatile analytes and very long retention times of non-volatile analytes
Temperature programming
Overload in GC causes _______
Fronting
Regarding polarity for reversed phase LC, the stationary phase is _____ while the mobile phase is _____
Non-polar/weakly polar, polar/more polar
Best injection type for quantitation and for thermally unstable solutes
On-column injection
How to solve Baseline pulse fluctuation in HPLC
Use multiple pistons
Best column for preparatory purposes
Packed column
The process of turning non fluorescent analyzes to detectable analyzes when using a fluorescence detector
Derivatization
Most popular selective detector (GC), commonly used for detecting chlorinated pesticides
Electron capture detector
How to improve resolution in HPLC
Decrease particle size of stationary phase
Collects full range mass spectra but graphs one m/z over time
EIC (Extracted ion chromatogram)
Analogous to isothermal separation vs temperature programming in GC
Isocratic and Gradient elution
Main issue(s) with normal phase LC
Very sensitive to water and are less safe for environment (organic solvent)
Broadening outside the column is caused by:
Dead volume e.g injection and detector volume, long tubing