Civil / Criminal / Discrimination
What are policies designed to promote equal opportunity and diversity for previously underrepresented groups in employment and schools?
Affirmative Action
What does precedent mean/refer to?
Precedents set the example for how the law will be interpreted going forward in cases that are similar
What is a litigator?
A lawyer who goes to court
Which Amendment abolished slavery?
13th Amendment
About what percent of Americans will get married at some point in their lives?
90%
What is the name of the party that brings a criminal case to court? What is the name of the party that brings a civil case to court? (You need BOTH to get the points)
Civil: plaintiff
Criminal: prosecutor
What is the power of judicial review?
Judicial Review gives the Supreme Court the power to determine whether laws are constitutional
What are the 2 ways an attorney can get rid of a potential jury member? (Be specific about what circumstances would lead to both)
Removal with cause - need a specific reason, such as potential bias
Peremptory Challenge - can be removed without giving a reason (other than factors like race)
What are 3 categories of people that can be found strictly liable? (You need all 3 to get the points)
1. People doing "unreasonably dangerous" activities
2. Pet Owners or Exotic Animal Owners
3. Manufacturers of Defective Products/Companies
What is the term for being married to multiple people? (This is illegal)
What is the burden of proof in a civil case called?
Preponderance of the evidence
Name the 3 branches of government and what each branch does when it comes to laws.
Legislative branch - creates laws
Judicial branch - interprets laws
Executive branch - enforces laws
SCOTUS justices have lifetime appointments. What are the 2 main ways in which justices leave their positions?
1. Impeached (happens rarely)
2. Retirement (most of the time)
While dying could technically be correct, that's not what I'm looking for
What 4 elements must be proven in a negligence lawsuit in order to find someone liable?
1. Duty
2. Breach of Duty
3. Causation
4. Damages
What is emancipation? What is the age when children become emancipated? (You need BOTH)
When children are legally free from the custody and control of their parents -> 18 years old
Title 7 of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 deals with what?
Protecting people from discrimination in the workplace/at jobs
A local law is also called
An ordinance
What does the Supreme Court do when they are sitting? What does the Supreme Court do when they have recess? (You need BOTH)
Sitting = hearing arguments in court
Recess = writing opinions, reviewing petitions, and deliberating about cases
What precedent was established as a result of California v. Bakke?
Racial quotas in colleges were declared unconstitutional
What fallacy is used in this example?
"If we allow digital textbooks, students will start using tablets all day. Then they'll stop reading real books entirely. Eventually, nobody will know how to read printed text, and libraries will disappear forever."
Slippery Slope
What does EEOC stand for? What does the EEOC do? (You need BOTH to get the points)
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
They help protect women's rights in the workplace when it comes to discrimination and/or sexual harassment
Lex Talionis is a Latin phrase meaning what?
The Law of Retaliation
An official document in which someone petitions a higher court to hear their case is called...
Writ of Certiorari
Put the following Supreme Court cases/events in chronological order:
Obergefell v. Hodges, Brown v. Board of Education, California v. Bakke, Plessy v. Ferguson, Marbury v. Madison, Civil Rights Act of 1964, Scott v. Sandford, Loving v. Virginia,
1. Marbury v. Madison (1803)
2. Scott v. Sandford (1857)
3. Plessy v. Ferguson (1896)
4. Brown v. Board of Education (1954)
5. Civil Rights Act of 1964
6. Loving v. Virginia (1967)
7. California v. Bakke (1978)
8. Obergefell v. Hodges (2015)
What fallacy is used here?
"Uniforms are a terrible idea. My cousin attended a school with uniforms and hated every minute of it. Since uniforms made my cousin unhappy, uniforms must be bad for all students."
Hasty Generalization