Road to the Civil War
This set of laws admitted California as a free state and strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act in an attempt to reduce sectional conflict.
What is the Compromise of 1850?
This idea argued that territories could effectively exclude slavery by refusing to pass laws that protected it.
What is the Freeport Doctrine?
This 1863 battle stopped Robert E. Lee’s invasion of the North and became a major turning point in the Civil War.
What is Gettysburg?
This amendment prohibited states from denying voting rights based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What is the Fifteenth Amendment?
This white supremacist organization used terror and violence to intimidate African Americans and their supporters during Reconstruction.
What is the Ku Klux Klan?
This 1857 Supreme Court ruling declared that African Americans were not citizens and that Congress could not ban slavery in the territories.
What is the Dred Scott decision?
This proposal called for the United States to purchase, or possibly take, Cuba from Spain and was viewed by many Northerners as an attempt to expand slavery.
What is the Ostend Manifesto?
This 1863 Union victory gave the North control of the Mississippi River and split the Confederacy in two
What is Vicksburg?
This constitutional amendment abolished slavery in the United States.
What is the Thirteenth Amendment?
These state and local laws enforced racial segregation and discrimination in the South.
What were Jim Crow laws?
This 1854 law allowed settlers in two western territories to vote on slavery and helped cause violent conflict in Kansas.
What is the Kansas-Nebraska Act?
This Union military strategy called for blockading Southern ports, controlling the Mississippi River, and cutting off Confederate supplies.
What is the Anaconda Plan?
This refers to the movement of formerly enslaved African Americans during and after Reconstruction in search of family, jobs, land, safety, and greater freedom.
What is African-American migration?
These members of Congress wanted a tougher Reconstruction policy and stronger protections for formerly enslaved people.
Who were the Radical Republicans?
This labor system trapped workers in continuing debt and forced them to work to repay what they owed.
What is debt peonage?
This belief held that individual states should have the power to limit or reject federal laws.
What are states’ rights?
This 1863 presidential order declared enslaved people in Confederate-controlled areas free and made ending slavery a Union war goal.
What is the Emancipation Proclamation?
In this 1863 speech, Abraham Lincoln honored fallen soldiers and described the war as a struggle for Union, democracy, and equality.
What is the Gettysburg Address?
This amendment granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to people born or naturalized in the United States.
What is the Fourteenth Amendment?
These Southern laws were passed after the Civil War to restrict the freedom and rights of African Americans.
What were the Black Codes?
This movement of settlers into western lands intensified arguments over whether slavery should expand into new states.
What is westward expansion?
This term referred to Northerners who moved South during Reconstruction to work, invest, or participate in politics.
Who were carpetbaggers?
In this farming system, tenants worked another person’s land in exchange for a share of the crop, often keeping African Americans in poverty.
What is sharecropping?