Medications
Patient education for anticoagulants
decrease risk for falls, electric razors, avoid NSAIDs, be careful when brushing teeth
What are risk factors for a PE?
obesity, smoking, pregnancy, diabetes, family history, immobility
What are signs of bleeding?
Bruising, fast HR, dizziness, low blood pressure, pale and cool skin
What type of thrombus is more common arterial or venous?
Venous
What is the normal range for platelets?
150-400 thousand
What is the antidote for warfarin
Vitamin K
What is the first lab diagnostic for a PE
D-Dimer
What are the signs and symptoms of a clot?
Redness, pain, swelling, and warmth
What is the first thing the body does in the clotting process?
Vasoconstriction
What is the normal length of prothrombin time?
11-12.5 seconds
What is the antidote for heparin?
Protamine Sulfate
What can cause a PE?
Fat embolus, amniotic fluid, DKA, DVT
What are sign of a systemic clotting issue?
fatigue, petechiae, burbura, liver failure, hematuria
Name the three parts of virchow's triad
damaged vessel, stasis of blood, hypercoagulability
What procedure can diagnose a PE?
CTA with contrast
Why give thrombolytics vs anticoagulants?
Thrombolytics can dissolve a clot very quickly in life threatening situations
Treatment
anticoagulants, embolectomy, or placing a filter within the vessel
What are signs of a PE?
shortness of breath, chest pain, anxiety, dizziness, irregular HR, pink sputum, low blood pressure
Why does liver failure cause issues with clotting?
Decreased synthesis of clotting factors
What labs needs to be monitored for heparin therapy?
PTT, aPTT, platelets,