Africa
This valuable commodity was brought from North Africa to sub-Saharan Africa by Arab traders
Salt
In Europe, the eldest son inherited all of his father's land in a practice known as this
primogenture
This ruler of the Aztec Empire was taken prisoner by Hernan Cortez.
Moctezuma
This fast, maneuverable ship allowed the Portuguese to navigate the west coast of Africa for the first time in the 15th century.
the caravel
This was the only disease confirmed to have travelled from the New World to the Old World during the Columbian Exchange.
syphilis
This small, well-defended kingdom on the west coast of Africa was one of Portugal’s most important trading partners
Benin
This religious movement began with Martin Luther's Ninety-five Theses criticizing corruption in the Catholic Church.
the Protestant Reformation
This city was the center of an administrative and trade network in the Mississippi Valley.
Cahokia
Because this empire controlled the major trade routes to Asia, the Iberians and the Portuguese undertook explorations to find new routes to Asia.
the Ottoman Empire
Some anthropologists attribute the rapid spread of European diseases in North America partly to these animals.
pigs
This ruler destabilized the price of gold by spending so much of it on his pilgrimage to Mecca
Mansa Musa
This sea-faring city-state brought the luxuries of Asia to Western Europe.
Venice
The Ute, a group of nomadic hunter-gatherers, lived in this arid region.
Great Plains
Columbus's plan to reach Asia was based on what miscalculation?
He vastly underestimated the circumference of the Earth.
In addition to disease, this factor aided in the Spanish conquest of Central and South America.
political divisions within the Aztec and Inca empires
This empire was the last to control the trans-Saharan trade routes that dominated the African economy
Songhai
This war against Islam consolidated Europe's Christian identity.
the Crusades
This political alliance served as a model for the framers of the U.S. Constitution.
the Iroquois Confederacy
Their victory in this campaign to drive Muslim Arabs out of the European mainland encouraged Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile to fund Columbus's voyage to Asia.
the reconquista
This crop initially contributed to dramatic population growth in Europe, but by displacing a more diverse array of crops ultimately led to starvation and political instability.
potatoes
These islands off the coast of West Africa provided the model for plantation slavery in the Americas
Canary Islands
In this response to the spread of Protestantism, The Catholic Church undertook its own set of reforms, creating new monastic orders such as the Jesuits.
the Counter-Reformation
This religious belief system, whose followers believed that spiritual power derived from the natural world, dominated the Americas before the arrival of Europeans.
animism
He established the maritime school that put Portugal at the forefront of exploration during the 15th century.
Prince Henry of Portugal (Prince Henry the Navigator)
The introduction of this crop to the New World promoted the development of slave-based plantation agriculture.
sugar