Colonies & Religious Freedom
In Colony A, leaders punished people who disagreed with the Puritan church. In Colony B, a religious leader named Roger Williams allowed settlers to practice religion in their own way.
Question: Which conclusion is best supported by the source?
A. Both colonies punished people who disagreed with their religious leaders.
B. Colony B offered more religious freedom than Colony A.
C. Colony A welcomed all religious groups equally.
D. Both colonies were founded to support farming.
B. Colony B offered more religious freedom than Colony A.
Read the source.
Two colonial towns were located near rivers. Town 1 had few roads connecting it to nearby farms. Town 2 built roads and bridges connecting its farms to the river.
Question: Why might Town 2 have found it easier to trade goods?
A. Its roads and bridges helped people transport goods to the river.
B. Its location meant it no longer needed natural resources.
C. Its farmers could grow crops without using the land.
D. Its bridges prevented other towns from trading.
A. Its roads and bridges helped people transport goods to the river.
Read the source.
In a New England town, the meetinghouse was the largest building. Town meetings were held to make government decisions. Only church-going men who owned property could vote.
Question: What does this information suggest about the relationship between religion and government?
A. Government decisions were made only by wealthy women.
B. Religion had little influence on town government.
C. Religious participation and property ownership affected who could participate in government.
D. Every colonist had an equal opportunity to vote.
C. Religious participation and property ownership affected who could participate in government.
Read the source.
When English colonists first arrived in Virginia, the Powhatan shared food and farming knowledge with them. Later, the colonists wanted more land to grow tobacco and took land already settled by the Powhatan.
Question: What is the most reasonable inference about the relationship between the two groups?
A. The groups would always cooperate because they traded at first.
B. The Powhatan would willingly give up all their land.
C. Tobacco farming would end the need for land.
D. The colonists' actions would likely lead to increased conflict.
D. The colonists' actions would likely lead to increased conflict.
Read the source.
European traders wanted products such as sugar, molasses, and tobacco. Plantation owners used enslaved Africans to produce large quantities of crops for sale.
Question: What economic relationship does this source describe?
A. The demand for crops reduced the need for workers.
B. Plantation owners grew crops only for their own families.
C. The demand for goods encouraged the use of enslaved labor.
D. European traders stopped buying colonial products.
C. The demand for goods encouraged the use of enslaved labor.
Pennsylvania:
William Penn founded it on the idea of religious freedom.
Maryland:
Catholics were welcomed there.
Rhode Island:
Settlers could practice religion in their own way.
Question: Which statement best explains a similarity among these colonies?
A. They all required settlers to follow the same religion.
B. They were all founded by people who wanted to expand tobacco farming.
C. They all provided opportunities for people to practice religion more freely.
D. They all allowed only church-going men to participate in government.
C. They all provided opportunities for people to practice religion more freely.
Study the information about two regions.
Region A had a climate and location that supported shipping, shipbuilding, and trade.
Region B had fertile soil and a climate that supported large-scale agriculture.
Question: Which conclusion best explains how geography influenced the economies of these regions?
A. Both regions depended entirely on fishing.
B. Region A focused on agriculture because it had the best soil.
C. Region B avoided farming because its climate was warm.
D. Each region developed economic activities suited to its geographic features.
D. Each region developed economic activities suited to its geographic features.
Read the source.
A historian learns that New York and New Jersey had residents from many different backgrounds. The historian is studying the traditions and customs of people living in these colonies.
Question: Which conclusion is best supported by the information?
A. Most residents followed exactly the same traditions.
B. The colonies likely had a variety of traditions and customs.
C. Everyone in the colonies worked as a farmer.
D. People were not allowed to bring traditions from other places.
B. The colonies likely had a variety of traditions and customs.
Study the evidence.
Evidence 1: The Powhatan taught colonists about local farming methods.
Evidence 2: Colonists took land already occupied by the Powhatan to grow tobacco.
Question: Which statement best explains how the relationship changed over time?
A. The relationship shifted from cooperation toward conflict as colonists took more land.
B. The relationship stayed peaceful because both groups wanted the same land.
C. The Powhatan stopped farming because tobacco could not grow in Virginia.
D. The colonists left Virginia after learning from the Powhatan.
A. The relationship shifted from cooperation toward conflict as colonists took more land.
Study the source descriptions.
Source 1: Olaudah Equiano describes being separated from his country, friends, and relatives.
Source 2: A map shows trade routes connecting Africa, Europe, and the colonies.
Question: How do these sources help explain the impacts of the slave trade?
A. Both sources show that the slave trade helped families stay together.
B. Source 1 shows the human suffering, while Source 2 shows the trade connections between regions.
C. Source 1 explains colonial farming methods, while Source 2 shows that trade stopped.
D. Both sources show that enslaved Africans freely chose to move between continents.
B. Source 1 shows the human suffering, while Source 2 shows the trade connections between regions.
Source A: Leaders in Massachusetts believed their religious beliefs should guide the community. People who disagreed with church leaders could be punished.
Source B: Rhode Island was established by Roger Williams, who believed people should be allowed to practice their religion freely.
Question: How did the governments of Massachusetts and Rhode Island differ in their approach to religion? Use evidence from both sources to support your answer.
Massachusetts punished people who disagreed with its religious leaders, while Rhode Island allowed people to practice their religion freely. The sources show that Rhode Island offered more religious freedom.
Source: Colonists in New England used nearby forests to build ships and had access to the Atlantic Ocean for fishing and trade. The Middle Colonies had fertile land that supported wheat farming and rivers that helped people transport goods.
Question: How did the different natural resources and geographic features of these two regions influence the ways colonists earned a living?
New England’s forests and ocean access supported shipbuilding, fishing, and trade. The Middle Colonies’ fertile soil supported wheat farming, while rivers helped people transport and trade goods.
Source: In some New England towns, men gathered at the meetinghouse to make decisions about their community. However, only men who attended church and owned property could vote.
Question: What does this source suggest about both the opportunities and limitations of participation in colonial government?
Some colonists had opportunities to participate directly in government through town meetings. However, voting was limited to a specific group of men, so many people—including women and men without property—could not participate equally.
Source: At first, the Powhatan people traded with English colonists, shared food, and taught them how to grow crops. As the English began growing tobacco, they took more land for plantations.
Question: Explain how the relationship between the Powhatan people and the English colonists changed over time. What evidence suggests why this change happened?
The relationship changed from cooperation and trade to conflict. The English began taking more Powhatan land to grow tobacco, which likely caused conflict because the colonists’ expansion threatened the Powhatan people and their land.
Read the source.
Enslaved Africans were bought and sold through the slave trade. Plantation workers were forced to produce crops such as sugar and tobacco for sale. Olaudah Equiano also described the pain of being separated from family and friends.
Question: Which statement best explains both the social and economic impacts of the slave trade?
A. It improved family relationships and ended the demand for crops.
B. It affected only trade and had no impact on people's lives.
C. It allowed all Africans to choose where they wanted to live and work.
D. It caused human suffering and family separation while supporting plantation production and trade.
D. It caused human suffering and family separation while supporting plantation production and trade.