Respiratory Distress
A 4-month-old develops cough, congestion, poor feeding, and increased work of breathing during the winter. Exam reveals diffuse crackles and wheezing.
Viral Bronchiolitis
A 2-year-old with several days of URI symptoms develops fever and ear pain. Otoscopy shows a bulging, erythematous tympanic membrane.
Otitis Media
A teenager is found confused at home with an empty pill bottle nearby.
Intentional Ingestion
A 9-month-old with no underlying medical history has crossed multiple weight percentiles and receives significantly less formula than recommended.
Inadequate Caloric Intake
A 2-year-old presents with acute vomiting, diarrhea, and mild dehydration after several family members had similar symptoms.
Viral Gastroenteritis
A 10-year-old with eczema presents with recurrent cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath that worsens with exercise and improves with albuterol.
Acute Asthma Exacerbation
An 8-year-old presents with fever and refusal to bear weight on the left leg with focal tenderness over the tibia.
Osteomyelitis
A 9-year-old presents with fever, headache, neck stiffness, and progressive confusion.
Meningitis
An infant has frequent post-feed emesis, feeding aversion, and poor weight gain.
Severe Reflux/GERD
A 14-year-old has severe epigastric pain radiating to the back with persistent vomiting.
Pancreatitis
A 7-year-old has 5 days of fever, cough, and focal crackles over the right lower lung field.
Bacterial Pneumonia
A 16-year-old has fever, vomiting, dysuria, and right flank pain.
Pyelonephritis
A 16-year-old reports hearing voices, expresses paranoid beliefs, and has no evidence of intoxication or medical illness.
Primary Psychosis
A 15-year-old has significant weight loss, bradycardia, body image concerns, and restrictive eating behaviors.
Eating Disorder
An 11-year-old develops abdominal pain that began near the umbilicus and later localizes to the right lower quadrant.
Appendicitis
A 2-year-old awakens overnight with a barky cough, hoarse voice, and inspiratory stridor.
Croup
A 3-year-old with fever appears lethargic, tachycardic, and poorly perfused with delayed capillary refill.
Sepsis
A 7-month-old continues to have stiffening and abnormal movements without returning to baseline.
Status Epilepticus
A 12-year-old has poor weight gain, chronic abdominal pain, diarrhea, and intermittent bloody stools.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease
A 10-month-old has intermittent episodes of severe abdominal pain, drawing knees to chest, and later develops bloody stool.
Intussussception
A previously healthy 3-year-old develops fatigue, tachycardia, shortness of breath, and poor exercise tolerance one week after a viral illness.
Viral Myocarditis
A 4-year-old has fever, neck stiffness, muffled voice, and refuses to turn his head.
Retropharyngeal Abscess
A 13-year-old with weeks of polyuria and weight loss presents with vomiting, dehydration, and altered mental status.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
A 13-year-old has weight loss despite increased appetite, tachycardia, and tremor.
Hyperthyroidism
A 12-year-old presents with jaundice, dark urine, abdominal pain, and markedly elevated liver enzymes.
Hepatitis