Crime Control
Sentencing an individual to a death punishment.
What is capital punishment?
After an individual has had formal juvenile youthful court processing, these programs are available to help juveniles transition back into the community.
What is aftercare?
The current status of an an arrest or a prosecution. Examples include conviction, acquittal, and dismissal.
What is a disposition?
Once the defendent is convicted the penalty is ordered the court.
What is sentencing?
The prosecutor and defense attorney present evidence and question witnesses. The judge or jury finds the defendant guilty or not guilty on the original charges or lesser charges. Defendants found not guilty are usually released. If the verdict is guilty, the judge will set a date for sentencing.
What is a trial?
Establishing designated punishments for crimes committed by convicted individuals.
A form of clemency in which the individual's criminal record will be erased.
What is a pardon?
A common kind of preliminary hearing in which an individual sees a judge 24 hours after being taken into custody.
What is an initial appearance?
An accusation exhibited against a person for some criminal offense, without an indictment.
What is information?
Describes providing treatment versus punishment in a more negative light. It describes individuals who have committed crimes as needy and as people who have failed to “exercise self control”. Ignores the fact that these individuals have been rejected help and resources from society and have been placed in a system that is rigged against them.
What is the "medical model"?
A place of detention that is run by the state or federal government for individuals who have been convicted of a felony.
What is prison?
When someone who loses a case in a trial court asks a the appellate court to review the trial court's decision.
What is an appeal?
When an individual in the police juvenile unit gets moved to the criminal court, and the juvenile justice system no longer has control over the case.
What is "waived to criminal court"?
When the matter is either sent further into the justice system or to diverted out of the system (an informal processing diversion), often to alternative programs. Examples of alternative programs include drug treatment, individual or group counseling, or referral to educational and recreational programs.
What is "out of system"?
The defendant has been released and determined to be "not guilty." This term is similar to "dismissed" in the sense that both describe a non-conviction.
What does it mean to be "acquitted"?
Parole differs from this term in the sense that it is an individual's conditional/early release from prison, whereas this term refers to an individual who has not yet spent time behind bars.
What is probation?
The differences between prosecution of a juvenile and prosecution of an adult include that adults are prosecuted for “committing crimes” but juveniles are prosecuted for “delinquent acts”. Additionally, adults have a public trial with a jury, whereas juviniles do not.
What is an adjudication hearing?
"Fills the gap" between probation and prison.
What is an intermediate sanction?
To avoid conviction or further prosecution, individuals can participate in these programs to help the behavior that led to the crime.
What are diversion programs?
When Kalief Browder encountered the police, there was a non-police referral in which a man on the street claimed Browder robbed him. Browder was eventually released because this man had left the United States. The lack of evidence led to this action.
What are "charges dropped or dismissed?"
An order that an individual must stand before a judge to find out if the person is truly guilty or if they should be acquitted. This is a protection against illegal imprisonment.
What is habeas corpus?
In this part of the trial, the defendant is brought before a judge to be informed of the charges against them. During this time, the defendant can respond with a plea of guilty, not guilty, or no contest.
What is arraignment?